L17A: Augmented Feedback

Question 1

Answer 1

performance, learning

Question 2

Answer 2

c) To increase variability

Question 3

What is Inherent FB?
(intrinsic / response-produced sensory)

Feedback (FB)

Answer 3

• Touch (via cutaneous receptors)
• Proprioception (via Muscle Spindles, GTO’s, some
  cutaneous afferents, vestibular apparatus)
• Vision
• Audition

Question 4

What are the types of Augmented FB?
(extrinsic/ not naturally occurring)

Feedback (FB)

Answer 4

• Knowledge of results (KR)
• Knowledge of performance (KP)

Question 5

What is classified as Augmented feedback?

Answer 5

movement related info provided by extrinsic source

Adds to a performer’s naturally occurring intrinsic feedback to
provide information about the movement or movement outcome

Given by Instructor / external person / video or other device

Question 6

What are the Four ways that Augmented Feedback functions?

Answer 6

1. MOTIVATIONAL ROLE
   … provides a reward function “good job”
2. ATTENTION-DIRECTING ROLE
   … directs attention (internal/external – or to specific features)
3. INFORMATIONAL ROLE
   … provides error/accuracy information “too much rotation”
4. DEPENDENCY ROLE
   …creates dependency/reliance on the information
   Guidance hypothesis (acts as crutch, problem when removed)

Question 7

What is the goal of augmented fb?

Answer 7

Question 8

What is KR?

Answer 8

Knowledge of Results (KR) is information about an
action’s outcome (in relation to a goal)

• How successful was the action based on intended environmental goal?
• This information helps improve the next response (detect error), then repeat or change (correct)
• Important when learners cannot assess their own success

Question 9

Example of KR:

Answer 9

Question 10

What is KP?

Answer 10

Knowledge of Performance (KP) is information about
movement quality/form (kinematics)

• KP does not typically indicate anything about environmental-goal success (different to KR)
• Concerned with the quality of the movement pattern
  (how an action was achieved)
• Helps diagnose why environmental success worked or not

Question 11

KP Examples:

Answer 11

Question 12

Study

Video/motion feedback (KP) often needs attention
directing/correcting cues to be more effective than KR

Answer 12

Question 13

What is Bio or neuro-feedback?

Answer 13

Electronic measurement & FB of internal biological process

Provides information that cannot be directly perceived

Examples: EMG, blood pressure, EEG, heart rate, EDA, respiration (wearable technologies –smart watch, fitbit©…)

Question 14

Are KR and KP mutually exclusive?

Answer 14

Sometimes KR and KP can overlap

• If the goal of the task is a particular movement pattern then the judges’ score is both KR and KP
• If the environmental goal is a target heart rate (HR) during an exercise, then feedback about HR is both KR and KP

Question 15

Just because we can give detailed feedback (KP) – should we? What problems can arise? (2)

Answer 15

1. Can be too much information (overload), especially for new learners
2. Often directs attention internally
   (rather than on external effects)
3. Can discourage ‘active’ learning (problem solving)
   by being too guiding/prescriptive

Question 16

Why are external and internal attention both important?

Answer 16

Question 17

Summary

Answer 17