What are lipids made of?
C, H, and O
What functional groups are involved in lipids
Fewer hydroxyl and carboxyl groups
What is the polarity of lipids and how does it react with water
Less molar meaning it is hyrophobic
What type of energy does lipids produce?
Energy rich, long term energy source
What are the four basic types of lipids?
- Triglycerides (fats)
- Phospholipids
3.Steriods - Waxes
Explain the use of triglycerides
- Helps protect and cushion organs
What type of energy do trigylcerides produce?
- Long term energy storage
- Twice the energy per gram than carbohydrates
Explain the structure of triglycerides
- Contain many energy containing carbon-hydrogren bonds
- Composed of one glyceral molec bonded with three fatty acid molecles
How does the structure of saturated fatty acids vs unsaturated fatty acids change?
Saturdated fatty acids: vary in length, do not bond
Unsaturated fatty acids: 3 carbon bonds then a double bond with an O and single bond with an OH creating a bent shape
* Both types of fatty acids have C double bonded to O and single bonded to OH
What does glyceral + fatty acides produce?
Triglycerides through an ester linkage with the O and one water moledule resulting from each tryglycerides
Explain the structure of fatty acids
- Long hydrocarbon chain with carboxyl group (COOH)
- Longer the chain the less soluable it is
Structure of staurated fatty acids
- Double/ tripple bonds
- All carbons are saturated with hydrogens
- Straight chains
- Tend to be solid at room temp
- Usually come from animal sources
Structure of unsaturated fatty acids?
- One or more double bodns
- Carbons are not saturated with hydrogen
- Liquid at room temp
- Usually plant based
- Oils
What are cis vs trans unsaturated fatty acids
Cis: naturally occuring, bukly liquid at room temp
Trans: not naturally occuring, partially hydorgenated, linear and can be solid
What are monounsaturated vs polyunsaturated fatty acids?
Monounsaturated: fat molec with one double bond
Polyunsaturated: fat molec with multiple double bonds
Examples and health impacts of saturated fatty acids
Examples: beef, butter, coconut oil
Health impacts: increase risk of heart disease
Examples and health impacts of trans fatty acids
Example: margerine, cream soup or puff pastry, chicken pie
Health impact: increase risk of heart disease
Examples and health impacts of monounsaturated fats?
Examples: olive oil, coconut oil, peanut oil
Health impacts May reduce risk of heart disease
Examples and health impacts of polyunsaturated fats?
Example: soybean oil, corn oil, fatty fish
Health impactL May reduse risk of heart disease
