What is the ideal temperature for bacterial growth called?
Optimum
What is the lowest temperature at which bacteria can grow?
Minimum
What is the highest temperature at which bacteria can grow?
Maximum
True or False: You’re killing microbes when just a little too hot or a little too cold.
False
What are the bacteria that only grow below 20°C called?
Psychrophiles
What type of bacteria can grow at cold temperatures but survives up to 35°C?
Psychrotrophs
What is the temperature range for Mesophiles?
15°C-45°C
What type of bacteria grows at temperatures of 45°C-80°C?
Thermophiles
What are bacteria that survive from 80°C-110°C called?
Extreme thermophiles
What are Mesophiles that can survive at high temperatures (70°C or higher) called?
Thermoduric
Define Turgor Pressure.
How hard a cell pushes out into its environment
What drives osmosis?
Solute concentration
What is the term for when solute concentrations are equal on both sides of a cell membrane?
Isotonic
Fill in the blank: In a _______ solution, water will flow into the cell, and it will swell up.
Hypotonic
What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?
Water leaves cell, causing plasmolysis
What is the classification for bacteria that survive low salt concentrations (0-5%)?
Non-tolerant
What type of bacteria can grow in moderate salt concentrations (0%-11%)?
Halotolerant
What are bacteria that can grow ONLY in high salt concentrations (5-15%) called?
Halophiles
What classification is given to bacteria that can grow in HIGH salt concentrations (15-30%)?
Extreme Halophiles
What type of bacteria can tolerate very high sugar concentrations?
Osmophiles
What are the classifications for oxygen requirements?
- Strict aerobes
- Facultative anaerobes
- Aerotolerant
- Microaerophilic
- Strict anaerobes
What do strict aerobes need to survive?
Oxygen
Fill in the blank: Facultative anaerobes can use oxygen but _______ need it.
do not
What is the main component of the cell walls in acid-fast bacteria?
Mycolic acid
