// Lab Practical 1

Question 1

Determine magnitude

Base

Answer 1

1

Question 2

Determine magnitude

Deka // Deci

Answer 2

10(1) // 10(-1)

Question 3

Determine magnitude

Hecto // Centi

Answer 3

10(2) // 10(-2)

Question 4

Determine magnitude

Kilo // Milli

Answer 4

10(3) // 10(-3)

Question 5

Determine magnitude

Mega // Micro

Answer 5

10(6) // 10(-6)

Question 6

Determine magnitude

Giga // Nano

Answer 6

10(9) // 10(-9)

Question 7

What was used as a buffer in our experiments?

A: NaCl
B: KCl
C: CaCl2
D: HCl
E: Phosphate

Answer 7

E: Phosphate

Question 8

Fill in the spaces.

The buffer system replaces strong _______ and strong _______ with weak _______ and weak _______ that dissociate weakly and therefore produce little changes in _______.

Answer 8

acids // bases // acids // bases // pH

Question 9

Example of a compound with low pH.

Answer 9

Gastric acid
pH: 1

Question 10

Example of a compound with high pH.

Answer 10

Bleach
pH: 11

NaOH
pH: 14

Question 11

What does pH stand for?

Answer 11

Power of hydrogen

Question 12

Describe osmosis

Answer 12

Movement of water across a membrane

Question 13

Describe diffusion

Answer 13

Movement of any penetrating particle (including water)

Question 14

What are two similarities of osmosis and diffusion?

Answer 14

They are both passive.
They both aim for equilibrium.

Question 15

Why don’t RBCs swell or shrink in blood?

Answer 15

The plasma surrounding RBCs is isotonic.

Question 16

Is NaCl penetrating or non-penetrating?

Answer 16

NP

Question 17

What happens to the bag?

Answer 17

Nothing.
Isotonic.

Question 18

What happens to the bag?

Answer 18

Water moves into cell.
Hypotonic.

Question 19

What happens to the bag?

Answer 19

Water moves out of the cell.
Hypertonic.

Question 20

What affects tonicity?

Answer 20

NP solutes

Question 21

Identify summation type and explain

Answer 21

Temporal summation

Where multiple high frequency APs from a single presynaptic neuron add together over time.

Question 22

Identify summation type and explain

Answer 22

Spatial summation

Multiple presynaptic neurons simultaneously stimulate a postsynaptic neuron from different locations.

Question 23

Explain the following: “Receptors act as transducers.”

Answer 23

Receptors turn one stimulus into another form (APs) that the nervous system can understand and interpret.

Light waves to photoreceptors to electrical signals.
Vibrations (mechanical) to hair cells to electrical signals.

Question 24

Which area of the nervous system corresponds to tactile receptor fields?

Answer 24

Somatosensory cortex

Question 25

Factors that affect the number of impulses transmitted by the sensory system?

Answer 25

Duration Intensity of the stimulus

Question 26

Identify hearing tests.

Answer 26

A: Rinne B: Weber

Question 27

What are the possible outcomes of A?

Answer 27

AC > BC, sensioneural BC > AC, conductive AC > BC w normal Weber, normal

Question 28

What are the possible outcomes of B?

Answer 28

Lateralize to affected ear = conductive Lateralize to unaffected ear = sensioneural No lateralization? Normal

Question 29

What variable goes on the y axis?

Answer 29

Dependent

Question 30

What variable goes on the x axis?

Answer 30

Independent

Question 31

Describe what a testable question is.

Answer 31

Cause and effect question.

Question 32

Steps of scientific method.

Answer 32

Background Hypothesis Materials + Method Data Evidence Data Analysis Data Visualization Discussion Conclusion Recommendation

Question 33

True or False Testable questions contain a cause and effect relationship.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

True or False Most people use the scientific method in their everyday life.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

True or False The purpose of an experiment is to prove the hypothesis true.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

True or False The should only be two independent variables in an experiment.

Answer 36

False Think of jumping lab.