Pharmacology > Labs > Flashcards

Labs Flashcards

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1
Q

PT

A

11-15 seconds
Warfarin
1.5-2.0 x BL

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2
Q

PTT

A

25-35 seconds
Heparin
1.5-2.5 x BL

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3
Q

Albumin Indication

A
  1. Assesses nutritional status
  2. Evaluates chronic illness
  3. Evaluates liver disease**
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4
Q

Albumin level

A

3.4 - 4.8 g/dl

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5
Q

Albumin Interpretation

A
  1. Increased= dehydration
  2. Decreased:
    a. Malnutrition
    b. Liver disease
    c. Inflammation
    d. Increased blood volume
    e. Burns, Hemorrhage
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6
Q

Albumin RN Implication

A
  1. Assess nutritional status
  2. Monitor for edema
  3. Assess tissue integrity & prevent skin breakdown
  4. Encourage protein intake
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7
Q

Prealbumin Indication

A
  1. Evaluate nutritional status

2. Monitor parenteral nutrition

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8
Q

Prealbumin Level

A

12 - 42 mg/dl

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9
Q

Prealbumin Interpretation

A
  1. Increased in Alcoholism
    a. Chronic renal failure
    b. pt receiving steroids
  2. Decreased in malnutrition
    a. Tissue necrosis
    b. Liver disease
    c. Acute phase inflammatory response
    d. Chronic illness
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10
Q

Prealbumin RN Implication

A
  1. Assess nutritional status
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11
Q

Anytime plasma glucose level Indication

A

Screen for diabetes

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12
Q

Anytime plasma glucose Level

A

< 200 mg/dl

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13
Q

Anytime plasma glucose level Interpretation

A
  1. Increased:
    a. Diabetes
    b. Acute stress reaction
    c. Pancreatitis
    d. Severe renal disease
  2. Decreased:
    a. Hypoglycemia
    b. Excess insulin
    c. Alcohol use
    d. Liver disease
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14
Q

Anytime plasma glucose level RN Implication

A
  1. Assess nutritional status
  2. Encourage proper body wt
  3. Monitor blood glucose
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15
Q

Fasting Plasma Glucose Level Implication

A

Screen for diabetes

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16
Q

Fasting Plasma Glucose Level

A

70 - 100 mg/dl

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17
Q

Fasting Plasma Glucose Level Indication

A
  1. 100 - 126 mg/dl indicates prediabetes

2. > 126 mg/dl Indicates diabetes

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18
Q

Fasting Plasma Glucose Level RN Implication

A
  1. Medicate as ordered
  2. Encourage diet evaluation and education
  3. Monitor for hypoglycemia
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19
Q

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Indication

A

Screen for diabetes

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20
Q

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Level

A

< 200 mg/dl

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21
Q

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Interpretation

A

> 200 mg/dl = diabetes

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22
Q

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test RN Implication

A

Encourage activity and exercise

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23
Q

Hemoglobin A1c Indication

A

Assess long - term glucose control (2 - 3 months)

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24
Q

Hemoglobin A1c Level

A

< 6.0 % decreasing

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25
Hemoglobin A1c Interpretation
Increased in poorly controlled or uncontrolled diabetes
26
Hemoglobin A1c RN Implication
1. Educate regarding good glycemic control delaysonset & slows progression of diabetic retinopathy, & neuropothy.
27
Liver Function Tests
1. ALT 2. AST 3. ALP 4. Billirubin
28
Liver Function Tests Indication
Assess liver function and damage
29
Liver Function Tests Interpretation
Increased in: a. Hepatitis b. Liver disease c. Cancer d. CHF
30
Liver Function Tests RN Implication
1. Encourage proper diet | 2. Encourage vaccination as appropriate
31
Bilirubin Level
0.3 - 1 mg/dl
32
ALT Level
10 - 35 IU/L
33
AST Level
<35 IU/L
34
Thyroid Antibodies Indication
Assist in Dx of Grave's Disease
35
Thyroid Antibodies Interpretation
Increased in: a. chronic thyroiditis b. Grave's Disease c. Pernicious anemia d. Rheumatoid arthritis
36
Thyroid Hormones T3 and T4 Indication
1. Evaluate hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism | 2. Monitor response to therapy
37
T3 & T4 Levels
1. T3 = 60 - 171 ng/dl | 2. T4 = 4 - 12.3 micrograms/dl
38
T3 & T4 Interpretation
1. Increased in: a. hyperthyroidism b. Thyrotoxicosis c. Excessive intake of iodine d. Hepatitis 2. Decreased in: a. Hypothyroidism
39
T3 & T4 RN Implication
Monitor for hypo or hyperthyroidism
40
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone TSH Indication
1. Diagnosis of Hypothyroidism or Hyperthyroidism
41
TSH Level
0.4 - 6.0 microUnits/ml
42
TSH Interpretation
1. Increased in: a. primary hypothyroidism b. Thyroid hormone resistance c. Thyroiditis 2. Decreased in: a. Excessive thyroid hormone replacement b. Grave's Disease c. Primary hyperthyroidism d. Secondary hypothyroidism
43
TSH RN Implication
Recognize cause of hypothyroidism by comparing TSH level with T4
44
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Indication
Screen for diabetes
45
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Level
< 200 mg/dl
46
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Interpretation
> 200 mg/dl = diabetes
47
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test RN Implication
Encourage activity and exercise
48
Hemoglobin A1c Indication
Assess long - term glucose control (2 - 3 months)
49
Hemoglobin A1c Level
< 6.0 % decreasing
50
Hemoglobin A1c Interpretation
Increased in poorly controlled or uncontrolled diabetes
51
Hemoglobin A1c RN Implication
1. Educate regarding good glycemic control delaysonset & slows progression of diabetic retinopathy, & neuropothy.
52
Liver Function Tests
1. ALT 2. AST 3. ALP 4. Billirubin
53
Liver Function Tests Indication
Assess liver function and damage
54
Liver Function Tests Interpretation
Increased in: a. Hepatitis b. Liver disease c. Cancer d. CHF
55
Liver Function Tests RN Implication
1. Encourage proper diet | 2. Encourage vaccination as appropriate
56
Bilirubin Level
0.3 - 1 mg/dl
57
ALT Level
10 - 35 IU/L
58
AST Level
<35 IU/L
59
Thyroid Antibodies Indication
Assist in Dx of Grave's Disease
60
Thyroid Antibodies Interpretation
Increased in: a. chronic thyroiditis b. Grave's Disease c. Pernicious anemia d. Rheumatoid arthritis
61
Thyroid Hormones T3 and T4 Indication
1. Evaluate hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism | 2. Monitor response to therapy
62
T3 & T4 Levels
1. T3 = 60 - 171 ng/dl | 2. T4 = 4 - 12.3 micrograms/dl
63
T3 & T4 Interpretation
1. Increased in: a. hyperthyroidism b. Thyrotoxicosis c. Excessive intake of iodine d. Hepatitis 2. Decreased in: a. Hypothyroidism
64
T3 & T4 RN Implication
Monitor for hypo or hyperthyroidism
65
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone TSH Indication
1. Diagnosis of Hypothyroidism or Hyperthyroidism
66
TSH Level
0.4 - 6.0 microUnits/ml
67
TSH Interpretation
1. Increased in: a. primary hypothyroidism b. Thyroid hormone resistance c. Thyroiditis 2. Decreased in: a. Excessive thyroid hormone replacement b. Grave's Disease c. Primary hyperthyroidism d. Secondary hypothyroidism
68
TSH RN Implication
Recognize cause of hypothyroidism by comparing TSH level with T4
Pharmacology
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