Language

Question 1

What is aphasia?

Answer 1

Partial or complète loss of the ability to comprehend and/or produce language as a means of communicating meaningful statements

Question 2

What is the Wada test

Answer 2

• Used to determine hémisphère dominant for speech

- inject short-acting anesthetic into the carotid artery

Question 3

Where is Broca’s area located? What does this area near the Broca area control?

Answer 3

It is near the motor cortex area controlling mouth and lips

Question 4

What is Wenicke’s aphasia?

Answer 4

• Sensory or receptive aphasia
• speech is fluent
• person has no difficulty speaking but can not understand language heard or read
• speech content doesn’t make sense

Question 5

Where is Wernicke’s area?

Answer 5

Near auditory cortex

Question 6

What is Broca’s area important for?

Answer 6

For the articulation of speech. In Broca’s aphasia grammar and syntax are disrupted

Question 7

What is Wernicke’s area important for?

Answer 7

Processing speech sounds and for recognizing spoken words.

Question 8

How does Wenicke’s area project to Broca?

Answer 8

Via the arcuate fasciculus in angular gyrus

Question 9

Explain the “repeating spoken word” task in the Wernicke-Gescwind model

Answer 9

• sounds are not understood as meaningful words until they are processed in Wernicke’s area
• to repeat words, word-based signals are passed to Broca’s area via arcuate fasciculus
• in Broca’s area words are converted to code for muscle movements for speech and sent to motor cortex

Question 10

Explain the “reading a written word aloud” task in the Wernicke-Gescwind model

Answer 10

• visual signals are sent to angular gyrus
• transformation of signal. Output of angular gyrus generates same pattern of activity in Wernicke’s area as if words were spoken
• signals are passed to Broca’s area via arcuate fasciculus
• in Broca’s area words are converted to code for muscle movements for speech and sent to motor cortex

Question 11

What is a conduction aphasia?

Answer 11

• Lesion in path from Wernicke’s area to Broca’s area
• usually parietal lobe lesions affecting arcuate gyrus
• Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas are spared
• comprehension and speech are good
• difficulty in repeating words and phrases that are heard or read
• deficit occurs between regions involved in comprehension and speech

Question 12

Why do we consider the at W-Ges model is a simplification?

Answer 12

• words read don’t have to go through W’s area

- most aphasias involve both comprehension and speech deficits

Question 13

What does the McGurk effect show?

Answer 13

It shows that visual articulatory information is integrated into our perception of speech