Large Animal

Question 1

What are common beef breeds of cattle?

Answer 1

Black Angus
Charolais
Hereford
Maine Anjou
Simmental
Longhorn
Scottish Highland

Question 2

What are common diary breeds?

Answer 2

Holstein
Ayrshire
Guernsey
Jersey
Brown Swiss

Question 3

What is the vertebral formula for cattle?

Answer 3

C7 T13 L6 S5 Cy/Cd 18-20

Question 4

What is the dental fomula for cows?

Answer 4

2(I 0/4, C 0/0, PM 3/3, M 3/3)

Question 5

What are normal vital signs in cattle?

Answer 5

Temperature: 99.5 - 1-3 F
Calves: 99.8 - 102 F
Pulse: 55-80 bpm
Respiration: 10-30 rpm

Question 6

What is a gomer?

Answer 6

A vasectomized male used as a heat detector

Question 7

What is a freemartin?

Answer 7

A female twin to a bull calf that is usually sterile

Question 8

What is the point of balance in cattle?

Answer 8

Shoulder

Question 9

What does the rumen do?

Answer 9

Fermentation - microorganisms will convert cellulose into volatile fatty acids
Cud is formed, re-enters the mouth, and is re-chewed and mixed with saliva

Question 10

What does the reticulum do?

Answer 10

Further digestion with microorganisms

Question 11

What does the omasum do?

Answer 11

Motility, absorption of water

Question 12

What does the abomasum do?

Answer 12

HCl acid production (true stomach)

Question 13

Describe estrus in cattle.

Answer 13

Polyestrous
21 day estrus

Question 14

What diet is ruminal acidosis most commonly seen with?

Answer 14

Cattle that are fed highly digestible carbohydrates diets

Question 15

What is the vertebral formula for horses?

Answer 15

C7 T18 L6 S5 Cy/CD 15-21

Question 16

What is the dental formula for horses?

Answer 16

2 (I 3/3, C 0-1/0-1, PM 3-4/3, M 3/3)

Question 17

Describe estrus in horses.

Answer 17

Seasonally polyestrous spring and summer (April-September)
Estrus: 21 days

Question 18

A horse should consume approximately what percentage of its body weight in forage per day?

Answer 18

2% of its body weight

Question 19

What would you be auscultating in each abdominal quadrant?

Answer 19

LUQ: Small intestine

LLQ: Large colon

RUQ: Base of the cecum

RLQ: Large colon

Question 20

What is a safe amount of blood to collect for donation from a horse?

Answer 20

15-16 mL/kg

Question 21

What causes Mulberry disease in swine?

Answer 21

Vitamin E and selenium deficiency

Question 22

What are equine spinous ear ticks?

Answer 22

Otobius megnini

Question 23

What is a bog spavin?

Answer 23

Equine accumulation of synovial fluid in the tarsocrural joint, causing swelling around the hocks

Question 24

What is the vertebral formula for sheep/goats?

Answer 24

C7 T13 L6-7 S4 CY 16-18

Question 25

What is the dental formula for sheep/goats?

Answer 25

2 ( I 0/4, C 0/0, PM 3/3, M 3/3)

Question 26

Describe sheep estrus.

Answer 26

Seasonally polyestrous in the fall Estrous 16.5 days Estrus 33 hours

Question 27

Describe goat estrus.

Answer 27

Seasonally polyestrus fall, short day cyclers Estrous: 21 days Estrus: 18-24 hours

Question 28

What is the vertebral formula for pigs?

Answer 28

C7 T14-15 L 6-7 CY 20-23

Question 29

What is the dental formula for pigs?

Answer 29

I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 4/4, M 3/3