LE 2

Question 1

• Sum of physical and chemical processes by which sediments are lithified into sedimentary rocks

Answer 1

Diagenesis

Question 2

– burrowing animals

Answer 2

• Bioturbation

Question 3

Progradation – sediments * the sea

Retrogradation – sediments * the sea

Answer 3

advance towards

retreat from

Question 4

Transgression – * migration of sea level

Regression – * migration of sea level

Answer 4

landward

seaward

Question 5

Transitional

Answer 5

Delta - prograding depositional bodies; has similar morphology to an alluvial fan
beach - - ¬accumulation of sediment found along the landward margin of the ocean

Question 6

Terrestrial

Answer 6

1. Alluvial fans – fan-shaped deposits along steep mountains

2. Bajada – coalescing alluvial fans

Question 7

– landlocked body of standing, non-marine body

Answer 7

1. Lake , lacustrine

Question 8

Fluvial

Answer 8

1. Meandering Streams
2. Braided Streams
   Drainage Patterns

Question 9

Aeolian

- Dunes

Answer 9

deposition – leeward side, erosion – stoss side

1. Aeolian erosion
   - Blowout
   - Desert pavement
2. Abrasion
   - Ventifact and Yardangs
3. Deposition
   - Dunes – mounds and ridges where sand is deposited; deposition – leeward side, erosion – stoss side

Question 10

Detrital Sedimentary Rocks

• Size of grains
  1. * – measure of energy; larger grain more energy
  2. * – measure of angularity; more rounded farther distance
  3. * – measure of uniformity; more sorted higher energy and farther distance

Answer 10

Grain size
Roundness
Sorting

Question 11

Agents of metamorphism

Answer 11

: heat, pressure, deviatoric stress, chemically active fluids

Question 12

Types of Metamorphism

1. Area or Volume Affected
2. 1. Local metamorphism (<300km3)
3. 2. Regional metamorphism (thousands km3)
4. Nature of Chemical Processes
5. 1. *– no change
6. 2. • – there is a change
7. Dominant Metamorphic Agent
8. 1. • metamorphism – heat
9. 2. • metamorphism – deviatoric stress
10. 3. • metamorphism – pressure
11. 4. • – chemically active fluids
12. 5. • metamorphism – both heat and pressure

Answer 12

Isochemical 
Allochemical 
Contact 
Dynamic 
Static 
Metasomatism 
Dynamothermal