Lecture 10- Chapter 12

Question 1

Apex Animals in Canada

Answer 1

• Timberwolves
• Back bears (predatory omnivores)

Question 2

Predations

Answer 2

• covers alot of ecological interactions

Question 3

Carnivory

Answer 3

• both predator and prey are animals

Question 4

Herbivory

Answer 4

• The predator is an animal, prey are plants or algae

Question 5

Parasitism

Answer 5

• A predator (a parasite) lives symbiotically on or in the prey (its host) and consumes specific tissues
• Parasite is harming the other animals it is living with

Question 6

How to Explain the Diversity of Interaction

Answer 6

• Carnivores
• Herbivores
• Autotroph

Question 7

Predator and Prey

Answer 7

• Cycles how predator and prey populations interact with each other
• Cycles and optimal foraging theory

Question 8

Predation Key Concept 1

Answer 8

• Most carnivores have broad diets, whereas a majority of herbivores have relatively narrow diets
• Ex. Grizzly bears forge on 266 species

Question 9

Encounter Rate

Answer 9

• if low, predators (carnivores) should be generalists
• Optimal foraging and dietary preferences depend on this

Question 10

Handling Time

Answer 10

• if prey are easy to find byt handling time is long
• Immobile but less nutritious plants, then predators (herbivores) should be specialists

Question 11

Piscivores

Answer 11

• Specalize on fish
• Often carnivores concentrate on whatever prey is most abundant ( which is fish)
• Ex. sharks prey on fish

Question 12

Predation Key Concept 2

Answer 12

• Predation results in a wide range of capture and avoidance mechanisms

Question 13

Three Hunting Strategies

Answer 13

• 1. carnivores move around to find prey (wolves, sharks)
• 2. others stay put and hunt prey who come near them (some snakes)
• 3. others be clever and set traps

Question 14

Great White Sharks

Answer 14

• cover large amounts of area to get large predation gain

Question 15

Adaptions to Escape being Eaten

Answer 15

• Size
• Speed
• Armour

Question 16

Autotomize

Answer 16

• organisms that lose a limb and can re-grow it
  Ex. starfish

Question 17

Aposematic

Answer 17

• organisms use their colour to tell other organisms that they are dangerous

Question 18

Predation Key Concept 3

Answer 18

• Predator populations can cycle with their prey populations

Question 19

Predation Key Concept 4

Answer 19

• Predation can affect prey distribution and abundance
• in some cases causing a shift from one community type to another

Question 20

Overpopulating

Answer 20

• damages to the ecosystem