Lecture 10: Differentiation and Functions of CD4+ T cells

Question 1

Langerhan’s cells are immature DCs which do not express high levels of

Answer 1

B7

Question 2

Alpha/Beta chains of TCR have ____ intracellular domains

Answer 2

very short intracellular domains

Question 3

CD3 proteins (gamma, delta, epsilon, and zeta) have ____ cytoplasmic tail

Answer 3

long

Question 4

B7(CD80/CD86) are co-simulatory molecules expressed on

Answer 4

professional APCs

Question 5

B7 moleces plug into CD___ on T cells

Answer 5

• CD28
  
  • Co-simtulation can be consider as “an amplifier” that improve the signal
  • with co-stimulation, about 100 fold fewer of clustered TCRs are needed for activation

Question 6

Subsets of CD4+ cells

Answer 6

• Th1 cells
  
  • activate a cell-mediated immune response
• Th2
  
  • activate an Ab-mediated immune response
• Th17 cells
  
  • involved in inflammation and anti-bacterial response
• Treg

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

cytokines derived from T cells

Answer 9

• IL-2
  
  • T cell proliferation
  • Treg survival
• IFN-gamma
  
  • activation of marophages
• IL-4
  
  • B cell isotype switching to IgE
• IL-5
  
  • Activation of Eosinophils
• IL-17
  
  • Stimulation of acute inflammation
• IL-22
  
  • Maintenance of epithelial barrier function
• TGF-beta
  
  • Inhibition of T cell activation
  • differentiation of Treg cells

Question 10

cytokines and transcription factors responsible for Th1 development

Answer 10

• Cytokines
  
  • IL-12
  • IFN-gamma
• Transcription factors
  
  • T-bet
  • STAT4
  • STAT1

Question 11

Cytokines and Transcription factors responsible for Th2 development

Answer 11

• Cytokine
  
  • IL-4
• Transcription factor
  
  • GATA-3
  • STAT6

Question 12

Cytokines and Transcription factors responsible for Th17 development

Answer 12

• Cytokines
  
  • IL-1
  • IL-6
  • IL-23
  • TGF-beta
• Transcription factors
  
  • RORgammat (orphan nuclear receptor)
  • STAT3

Question 13

IFN-gamma produced by the Th1 cells amplifies Th1 development and inhibits the development of

Answer 13

Th2 and Th17

Question 14

CD40L gene is located

Answer 14

on the X-chromosome

Question 15

Nontraditional gamma/delta T cells do not express

Answer 15

They have TCRs and CD3 but do not express CD4 or CD8 coreceptors

Question 16

Functions of gamma/delta T cells

Answer 16

• First line of defense
• regulatory cell
• bridging between innate and adaptive responses
• (note these cells are abundant in the intestine, the uterus, and the tongue)
• (are considered component of both innate and adaptive immunity)
  
  • much less diverse than Alpha/beta TCRs

Question 17

Question 18

Lipids and glycolipids should be presented within non-polymorphic ____ molecule in order for NKT cells to identify them

Answer 18

CD1d

Question 19

Activated NKT cells produce large quantities of

Answer 19

• IFN-gamma
• IL-4
• GM-CSF

Question 20

Dysfunction or deficiency of NKT lead to

Answer 20

• Autoimmunity
• Cancers
• Progression of asthma