Lecture 12

Question 1

cause of shingles

Answer 1

• herpes zoster virus lying dormant in dorsal root ganglions
• re-emergence grows down sensory nerve
• allodynia and parathesias along affected dermatomes

Question 2

what is post-herpetic neuralgia?

Answer 2

lasting pain after a bout of shingles

Question 3

what is tabes dorsalis?

Answer 3

• slow degeneration of the dorsal columns, dorsal roots, and spinal ganglia
• typically the lumbar region

Question 4

symptoms of tabes dorsalis

Answer 4

• proprioceptive loss
• parasthesias
• allodynias
• tabetic gait

Question 5

define neuropathy

Answer 5

a nerve disorder, influencing myelin, or axons, or both

Question 6

what is mononeuropathy?

Answer 6

• focused neuropathy affecting only one nerve, i.e. carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 7

what is diabetic neuropathy?

Answer 7

• chronically high glucose leads to nerve inflammation and damage to small blood vessels
• affects distal limbs, ‘glove and stocking’ sensory loss

Question 8

what are the impacts of too much Vit B6 (pyridoxine) intake?

Answer 8

damage to large fibre myelinated afferent fibres

Question 9

what are the general types of polyneuropathies?

Answer 9

• diabetes
• overdose of pyridoxine
• ganglionopathies
• polyneuritis

Question 10

what are cilia encased in?

Answer 10

cupula (gelatinous layer)

Question 11

what is the kinocilium?

Answer 11

the tallest cilia in the group

Question 12

what are the stereocilia?

Answer 12

the shorter cilia in the group

Question 13

how are cilia depolarized?

Answer 13

when the stereocilia push against the kinocilium