What is the function of the anterior cortico-spinal tract?
controls bilateral axial muscles
Where does the anterior cortico-spinal tract originate?
primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area
Where does the the anterior cortico-spinal tract terminate?
cervical and upper thoracic cord regions
What is cranial nerve VII?
CN7
facial nerve, it has a motor branch that controls muscles of the face
Describe how CNVII innervates the face
- bilateral control of muscles above eyes
- contralateral control of muscles below eyes
How would a UMN injury present in the face muscles?
symptoms affect the lower half of the face on the contralateral side
because both hemispheres contribute, so one side still has input
How would a LMN injury present in the face muscles?
symptoms affect the whole ipsilateral side of the face
Where does the rubrospinal tract originate?
red nucleus in the midbrain
Where does the rubrospinal tract decussate?
ventral tegmental decussation in the midbrain
Where does the rubrospinal tract terminate?
cervical cord
What is the function of the rubrospinal tract?
contralaterally facilitates arm flexor tone and inhibits arm extensor tone
Where does the medial vestibulospinal tract originate?
medial and inferior vestibular nuclei
Where does the lateral vestibulospinal tract originate?
lateral vestibular nuclei
Do the vestibulospinal tracts decussate?
they do not
Where does the medial vestibulospinal tract terminate?
cervical and upper thoracic cord
Where does the lateral vestibulospinal tract terminate?
throughout the entire cord
What is the function of the medial vestibulospinal tract?
positioning of the head through axial and neck muscles
What is the function of the lateral vestibulospinal tract?
- balance
- facilitating extensor tone of limbs
where does the reticulospinal tract originate?
pontine and medullary reticular formation
where does the reticulospinal tract terminate?
throughout the entire SC
what is the function of the reticulospinal tract?
- automatic posture and gait-related movements
- reflexes and tone
