Lecture 16

Question 1

What are the functions of sexual behaviour?

4pts

Answer 1

• reproduction - produce offspring
• bonding, social
• gratification - highly moticated behaviour
• Hormones & reward systems - endorphins

Question 2

What adaptations occured with reproduction?

3 pts

Answer 2

• bad mutations lost, good mutations spread
• disease resistance
• adaptabilityto environmental change

Question 3

In polygamy, female selectsmale based on what?

4 pts

Answer 3

• Fitness and health traits
• Symmetry
• Coloration
• Availability

Question 4

Whatare the commitments between female and males with sex?

2 pts

Answer 4

Female investment: direct
* Large gamete
* Gestation
* Lactation and care
Male investment: indirect
* small gametes
* paternity uncertain

Question 5

How are hormones important in reproduction?

3 pts

Answer 5

• Affect targetedreproductive tissues and nervous system
• Hormones (regulatory substance) (gonadotropins) carried bythe blood to gonads (ovaries and testes) wheretheystimulate development of eggs and sperm
• Gonads produce the sex hormones (estrogen or testosterone) thatdirectly control most repro behaviour

Question 6

Estrous vs estrus vs anestrus

3 pts

Answer 6

• Estrous - the estrous cycle (includes both estrus and anestrus)
• Estrus - period of “heat” or female receptivity during the estrous cycle
• Anestrus - period of sexual inactivity between 2 estrus cycles

Question 7

What are the characteristics of females in estrus?

3 pts

Answer 7

• Attractivity - pheromones in urine
• Proceptivity - male seeking, female-female mounting (LH secretion)
• Receptivity - standing, lordisis

Question 8

What factors were found of ram seeking in ewes?

3 pts

Answer 8

1. heavier ewe = sexual maturity
2. older and mixed age flocks
3. large paddocks = less seeking

Question 9

How do cows, horses and goats show acceptance of male?

3 pts

Answer 9

• Cow - lifts tail, standing
• horse - interest in stallion, urination, winking of vulva
• goat - rapid wagging of up-turned tail (flagging)

Question 10

What is the psychological motivation/ libido?

2 pts

important

Answer 10

Physical and physiological ability

Question 11

Sexual motivation and performance is stimulated by ________

2 pts

important

Answer 11

visual and olfactory stimuli

Question 12

What is the Flahmen response?

3 pts

Answer 12

• inhales with mouth open and upper lip curled to allow exposure to the vomeronasal organ
• odour compounds directly contact vomeronasal organ
• boar - chant de coeur (sound)
• sheep - pawing, licking
• goat - urination

Question 13

What is the sequence of elements of sexual behaviour?

3 pts

Answer 13

• Appetitive (invitation to approach and mount)
• Consummatory (period when sexual act takes place)
• Refractory (recovery phase)

Question 14

What is the coolidge effect?

1 pt

Answer 14

sexual motivation restored by exposure to new or different females