What is social behaviour?
1 pt
Interaction with other species, communication is important
What evidence do we have that dogs are social animals?
5 pts
- Domestication - they get sad when their human leaves
- Dominance hierarchy
- Affiliative behaviour
- Social bonds
- Communication
What are some examples of social behaviour in dogs
4 pts
Social play
* Important because basic rules of social play are learned - teaches them how to communicate with each other, teaches about hierarchy, what their relationship is like, how to solve conflict
- Codes of social conduct and fairness
- Without play, social development suffers - not able to perform social play with siblings results in aggression
What is play behaviour like in wolves?
4 pts
More common in wolves
* Facial expressions in play
* Contact games, biting and fight games also common but rarely result in any injuries
* Play for up to a couple of years
What does play behaviour in dogs depend on?
4 pts
- When you take them away from their siblings
- Lack of things to interat with
- Punishment for play behaviour
- Breed
What is facial signals in wolves like?
3 pts
- 60 different facial signals alone
- 11 different facial regions
- Huge ability to communicate with facial expressions alone
How are the facial expression and body signals in dogs different from wolves?
3 pts
- Less numerous
- Less differentiated
- Reduced in strength
Why are facial expression adn ody signals in dogs different compared to wolves?
4 pts
- less ability to communicate
- bred out of them
- faces smushed in
- they bark more rather than facial expressions to communicate with humans
What other indications can be used instead of facial expression?
3 pts
- tail
- paws
- posture
What are the different tail posturing in wolves?
Elevation of the tail = hierarchy position
* Striaght up in the air - most dominant
* Straight out behind them - second dominant
* Submissive - tucked into the body against the abdomen
* Wagging of tail - corresponds to high energy or excitement
What other things does wagging of tail indicate in dogs other than happiness?
3 pts
- Upright and wagging - aggressive, curiosity, confident
- Level with the body - relaxed
- Down/clamped and wagging - nervous, fear, not confident
What is vocalization like for wolves?
3 pts
Barking is not common in wolves
* Agonistic or warning system
* 11 basic sound types
How do dogs communicate and what is it used for?
4 pts
- Complex, with many subunits (transitions, graduations etc)
- Barking categories of function and emotion
- Social play, play soliciting, exploration, caregiving, social contact and greeting, loneliness, agonistic behaviour, distress - Terriers ( limited facial expression) have 12 new sounds
What are family groups like in wolves?
3 pts
- Range from pairs and family groups to packs
- Packs often determined by food availability
- Within packs, see division of labour and food sharing
What is mating like in wolves?
2 pts
- Generally monogamous but not always
- Can demonstrate long term sexual relationships
What is social learning from conspecifics like in wolves?
2 pts
Pups may remain in the pack long term
* learn social behaviour, hunting behaviour, and feeding behaviour
Are there dominance hierarchies in wolves and how do dogs compare?
3pts
- There are in wolves - dominant displays from wolves when playing with pups (muzzle biting by the adult followed by submissive display of licking by the pup
- In dogs:
- some breeds have difficulty in establishing and maintaining a hierarchy (poodles)
- Conflicts can turn into fights
- Agonistic behaviour appears much earlier in domestic dogs than in wolves
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