Lecture 3

Question 1

It is the most common method of fish culture. In this case water is maintained in an enclosed area by artificial construction of dike/bund, where aquatic animals are stocked and grown. Are usually filled by rain, canal water and by man made bores. They differ widely in shape, size, topography, water and soil qualities. Inside the this can be a monoculture
or polyculture.

Answer 1

Ponds

Question 2

Inside the pond there can be a ___ or ___.

Answer 2

monoculture or polyculture.

Question 3

In this case water is maintained in an enclosed area by artificial construction of dike/bund, where aquatic animals are stocked and grown. And are usually filled by rain, canal water and by man made bores.

Answer 3

Ponds

Question 4

Kinds of Ponds (5)

Answer 4

1. According to water source
2. According to the means of drainage
3. According to the construction materials
4. According to construction method
5. According to the use of ponds

Question 5

Types of Ponds (3)

Answer 5

1. Sunken Pond
2. Barrage Pond
3. Diversion Pond

Question 6

Kinds of Pond According to water source (4)

Answer 6

Groundwater
Rainfed ponds
Fed from a water body
Pump-fed ponds

Question 7

Two types of groundwater ponds

Answer 7

Spring water ponds and seepage ponds

Question 8

Type of pond where the water are
supplied from a spring either in the
pond or very close to it.

Answer 8

Spring-water ponds

Question 9

kind of pond that are supplied from the water-table by seepage into the pond.

Answer 9

Seepage ponds

Question 10

Kind of bond according to water source that has two types which are spring-water ponds and seepage ponds

Answer 10

Groundwater

Question 11

Kind of pond where water are supplied from rainfall and surface runoff. No water is supplied during the dry season. These ponds are often small depressions in impermeable soil, with a dike built at the lower sideto retain more water.

Answer 11

Rain-fed ponds

Question 12

Kinds of Pond
According to the means of
drainage (3)

Answer 12

Undrainable ponds
Drainable ponds
Pump-drained ponds

Question 13

Kind of pond that cannot be drained by gravity. They are generally fed by groundwater and/or surface runoff, and their water level may vary seasonally.

Answer 13

Undrainable ponds

Question 14

Ponds that are set higher than the level to which the water is drained and can easily be drained by
gravity.

Answer 14

Drainable ponds

Question 15

These ponds may be drainable by
gravity to a certain level,
and then the water has
to be pumped out.

Answer 15

Pump-drained ponds

Question 16

Kind of pond where water are normally higher than the water
level and can be supplied from a well, spring, lake, reservoir or irrigation canal, by pumping.

Answer 16

Pump-fed ponds

Question 17

Kinds of Pond
According to the construction
materials (3)

Answer 17

Earthen ponds
Walled ponds
Lined ponds

Question 18

Ponds that are entirely constructed from soil materials. They are the most common pond.

Answer 18

Earthen Ponds

Question 19

Ponds that are usually surrounded by blocks, brick or concrete walls. Sometimes wooden planking or corrugated metal is used.

Answer 19

Walled ponds

Question 20

Ponds that are earthen ponds
lined with an impervious material
such as a plastic or rubber sheet.

Answer 20

Lined ponds

Question 21

Kinds of Pond
According to the construction
method (3)

Answer 21

Dug-out ponds
Embankment ponds
Cut-and-fill ponds

Question 22

Kind of pond that are constructed by excavating soil from an area to form a hole which is then filled with water. They are usually undrainable and fed by rainfall, surface runoff or
groundwater.

Answer 22

Dug-out ponds

Question 23

Ponds that are formed without
excavation by building one or more dikes above ground level to impound water. They are usually drainable and fed by gravity flow of water or by pumping.

Answer 23

Embankment ponds

Question 24

Ponds that are built by a mix of
excavation and embankment on sloping ground. They are usually drainable, and water, which is impounded within the dikes, is fed by gravity or by pumping.

Answer 24

Cut-and-fill ponds

Question 25

Kinds of Pond According to the use of pond (7)

Answer 25

Spawning, nursery, brood, storage, fattening, integrated, and wintering

Question 26

ponds to produce eggs and small fry

Answer 26

spawning ponds

Question 27

ponds to produce larger juveniles

Answer 27

nursery ponds

Question 28

ponds for brood stock rearing

Answer 28

brood ponds

Question 29

ponds for holding fish temporarily, often prior to marketing;

Answer 29

storage ponds

Question 30

ponds for the production of food fish

Answer 30

fattening ponds

Question 31

ponds which have crops, animals or other fishponds around them to supply waste materials to the pond as feed or fertilizer

Answer 31

integrated ponds

Question 32

ponds for holding fish during the cold season.

Answer 32

wintering ponds

Question 33

Kind of pond which is the floor is generally below the level of the surrounding land. It is Undrainable or only partially drainable and is built either as a dug-out pond or to make use of an existing hollow or depression in the ground, sometimes with additional embankments to increase depth.

Answer 33

Sunken Pond

Question 34

Kind of pond that is created in the bottom of a valley by building a dam across the lower end of the valley. They may be built in a series down the valley. Drainable through old river bed.

Answer 34

Barrage ponds

Question 35

A Pond that is fed indirectly by gravity or by pumping through a diversion canal from a spring, stream, lake or reservoir. The water flow is controlled through a water intake. It is usually drainable through a drainage canal.

Answer 35

Diversion Pond

Question 36

The diversion pond can be constructed on flat ground as a four-dike embankment pond sometimes called a ______

Answer 36

paddy pond.

Question 37

It is a culture na advised na lahi-lahi ug preferences ang species or type of fish to avoid cannibalism

Answer 37

Polyculture

Question 38

In polyculture, advised na lahi-lahi ug preferences ang species or type of fish to avoid ______.

Answer 38

cannibalism

Question 39

Small or microscopic organisms na ginakaon sa shrimp

Answer 39

Plankton

Question 40

Pond is _____ production units

Answer 40

Opened

Question 41

Three types of planktons

Answer 41

Zooplankton Phytoplankton Venti plankton or ventus plankton

Question 42

Plankton that are small microscopic animals

Answer 42

Zooplankton

Question 43

Plankton that are small microscopic plants

Answer 43

Phytoplankton

Question 44

Plankton that are found in seabed

Answer 44

Venti plankton or ventus plankton

Question 45

Two types of production units

Answer 45

Closed production units and opened production units

Question 46

In this type of production unit, it is separated to the environment or it is in a controlled environment

Answer 46

Closed production units

Question 47

This type of production unit is connected with the environment and is affected by the outside environment.

Answer 47

Opened production units

Question 48

Kinds or type? Emphasizing specific attributes

Answer 48

Kinds

Question 49

Kinds or type? A general category

Answer 49

Type

Question 50

Water enters into the soil

Answer 50

Infiltration

Question 51

Water enters into the soil downward

Answer 51

Percolation

Question 52

Water enters the soil horizontally

Answer 52

Seepage

Question 53

A good quality water source

Answer 53

Groundwater

Question 54

It is a kind of pond that water is supplied from rainfall and surface runoff

Answer 54

Rainfed

Question 55

Kind of pond according to water source, the water source is naa sa lower elevation

Answer 55

Pump-fed

Question 56

Cannot be drained by gravity

Answer 56

Undrainable ponds

Question 57

Pond that is drained by gravity

Answer 57

Drainable ponds

Question 58

Ponds that are constructed from soil materials

Answer 58

Earthen ponds

Question 59

Ponds that is surrounded by brick etc

Answer 59

Walled ponds

Question 60

Earth pond that is lined by rubber sheet etc

Answer 60

Lined ponds

Question 61

Pond that is constructed through excavating soil and is undrainable

Answer 61

Dug-out ponds

Question 62

Ponds that is constructed without excavation by building dikes above ground and is drainable

Answer 62

Embankment ponds

Question 63

Cage or pen Totally closed in all sides and na sa deep waters

Answer 63

Cages

Question 64

Its is enclosed by the surroundings the bottom is seabed or river and in shallow waters

Answer 64

Pens

Question 65

Its is holding culturable aquatic organisms in captivity w/n an enclosed space whilst maintaining a free oxygen of water.

Answer 65

Enclosure Culture

Question 66

General term that refers to the practice of raising aquatic organisms within a controlled and enclosed environment, such as "cage culture" or "net pen culture."

Answer 66

Enclosure culture

Question 67

Enclosure culture is the general term that refers to the practice of raising aquatic organisms within a controlled and enclosed environment, such as ____ or ____

Answer 67

"cage culture" or "net pen culture."

Question 68

4 types of fish-rearing cages

Answer 68

i) Fixed cages ii) Floating cages iii) Submerged cages and; iv) Submersible cages

Question 69

This culture refers to a stationary or floating fish enclosure made of synthetic net wire/bamboo screen or other materials

Answer 69

Fish Cages Culture

Question 70

This involves the growing of fishes in existing water resources while being enclosed which allows free flow of water. The system can be installed in reservoir, river, lake or sea.

Answer 70

Fish Cages Culture

Question 71

It is used in shallow water part with water depth of 1-3m in reservoir. Consist of a net bag suspended from posts in the flow of a stream, river, canal, lake, or reservoir

Answer 71

Fixed Cage

Question 72

This cage consist of a frame that floats on the surface of the water. Net bags are suspended from the floating frame so that their bottoms do not touch the ground. These cages are generally used in deeper bodies of water in depth more than 5 m in reservoir.

Answer 72

Floating cages

Question 73

This cage consist of a solid, rigid frame, wherein a net bag is fitted. Fish do not have access to the water surface. This type of cage is not commonly used for aquaculture because they are only suitable for fish without swim bladders and fish with closed swim bladders.

Answer 73

Submerged Cage

Question 74

This cage consist of a solid, rigid frame, wherein a net bag is fitted. Fish do not have access to the water surface. This type of cage is not commonly used for aquaculture because they are only suitable for fish without swim bladders and fish with closed swim bladders.

Answer 74

Submerged cage

Question 75

This type of cage is not commonly used for aquaculture because they are only suitable for fish without swim bladders and fish with closed swim bladders.

Answer 75

Submerged cage

Question 76

Submerged cage is not commonly used for aquaculture because they are only suitable for ______ and ________

Answer 76

fish without swim bladders and fish with closed swim bladders.

Question 77

This kind of cage are a variation of floating cages with either rigid or flexible netting. The buoyancy of plastic floats is variable so that the fish cage can be moved to different depths in the water column. These types of fish cages are often used in marine environments.

Answer 77

Submersible Cage

Question 78

This is defined as raising of fish in a volume of water enclosed on all sides except bottom, permitting the free circulation of water at least from one side. The bottom of the lake forms the bottom of the pen. Has the advantage of containing a benthic fauna which serves as food for the fish and polyculture can be practiced in pens as it is in ponds

Answer 78

Fish Pens

Question 79

Has the advantage of containing a benthic fauna which serves as food for the fish and polyculture can be practiced in pens as it is in ponds

Answer 79

Fish pens

Question 80

Fish pens has the advantage of containing a _____ which serves as food for the fish and polyculture can be practiced in pens as it is in ponds

Answer 80

Benthic fauna

Question 81

This states Who may apply -A license to construct, establish or operate a fish pen or fish cage may be issued only to the following: (a) Citizens of the Philippines; and (b) Corporations, associations, partnerships or cooperatives duly registered in accordance with law and at least sixty(60%) percent of the authorized capital stock of which belongs wholly to citizens of the Philippines.

Answer 81

Fisheries Administrative Order No. 160 Series of 1986 Sec. 3

Question 82

A license to construct, establish or operate a fish pen or fish cage may be issued only to the following: (a) Citizens of the Philippines; and (b) Corporations, associations, partnerships or cooperatives duly registered in accordance with law and at least ______ of the authorized capital stock of which belongs wholly to citizens of the Philippines.

Answer 82

sixty (60%) percent

Question 83

This states the Area that may be granted: (a) For fish pens - an individual may be granted an area of not more than THREE (3) hectares. - a juridical applicant may be granted an area of not more than TEN (10) hectares. b) For fish cages - an individual may be granted an area of not more than TWO HUNDRED (200) square meters. -a juridical applicant may be granted an area of not more than ONE THOUSAND (1,000) square meters.

Answer 83

Fisheries Administrative Order No. 160 Series of 1986 SEC. 5.

Question 84

For fish pens - an individual may be granted an area of not more than ____.

Answer 84

THREE (3) hectares

Question 85

Ajuridical applicant for fish pens may be granted an area of not more than ______.

Answer 85

TEN (10) hectares

Question 86

For fish cages - an individual may be granted an area of not more than _______.

Answer 86

TWO HUNDRED (200) square meters

Question 87

A juridical applicant for fish cages may be granted an area of not more than _____.

Answer 87

ONE THOUSAND (1,000) square meters

Question 88

_____ is defined as raising of fish in running water.

Answer 88

Raceways

Question 89

also known as flow-through systems, involves the use of circular or rectangular tanks known as ____, where water continuously flows through the system.

Answer 89

Raceways

Question 90

2 Types of Raceways

Answer 90

1. Linear type 2. Lateral type

Question 91

Raceways also known as ______, involves the use of circular or rectangular tanks known as raceways, where water continuously flows through the system.

Answer 91

flow-through systems

Question 92

Ponds arranged in sequence

Answer 92

Linear type

Question 93

The volume of water entering each pond is larger and as the same water is used repeatedly from pond to pond, occurrence of disease in initial ponds may directly affect the other connected ponds

Answer 93

Linear type

Question 94

Ponds laid out in parallel.

Answer 94

Lateral type

Question 95

Pond is smaller but a fresh supply of water is always ensured, and no transfer of disease from one pond to another.

Answer 95

Lateral type

Question 96

Is defined as an aquaculture system that incorporates the treatment and reuse of water with less than 10% of total water volume replaced per day.

Answer 96

Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS)

Question 97

______ consist of mechanical and biological filtration components, pumps and holding tanks and may include a few additional water treatment elements that improve water quality and provide disease control within the system.

Answer 97

Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS)

Question 98

In this system, fish culture is integrated with agricultural crops such as rice, banana, and coconut, thereby producing fish and agricultural crops.

Answer 98

Integrated Aquaculture

Question 99

Agriculture based integrated systems include (4)

Answer 99

➢ rice-fish integration ➢ horticulture-fish system ➢ mushroom-fish system ➢ seri-fish system * Livestock Integrated Fish Farming

Question 100

Farming fish is farmed in paddy fields. Not all paddy varieties are suitable for integrated fish farming. The fish species such as Common carp, Tilapia and Murrells are most suitable for culture in rice fields.

Answer 100

Rice-Fish integrated farming

Question 101

The dykes and the adjoining areas of the ponds can be best utilized for horticulture crops.

Answer 101

Horticulture-Fish integrated farming

Question 102

In this faming system silk worm is cultured along with fish.

Answer 102

Seri-fish system

Question 103

A disadvantage of fish ponds

Answer 103

Food losses

Question 104

This gives natural dissolved oxygen

Answer 104

Raceways

Question 105

Raceways gives natural ____

Answer 105

Dissolved oxygen

Question 106

In lateral type raceway _____% slope para ang flow is by gravity

Answer 106

1-2%

Question 107

In this type of raceway water is reused

Answer 107

Linear type

Question 108

In this type of raceway freshwater is supplied

Answer 108

Lateral type

Question 109

Two types of filtration

Answer 109

Mechanical filtration and biological filtration

Question 110

Type of filtration for large solids

Answer 110

Mechanical filtration

Question 111

Type of filtration for suspended particles and nitrification happens in the plant bed

Answer 111

Biological filtration

Question 112

_______ happens in the plant bed

Answer 112

Nitrification

Question 113

A diversion canal is built for this purpose; the pond water supply is then controlled through a structure called the ______. _____ should be built. Directly fed from a nearby spring, stream or reservoir, the water enters the pond at a point called the ___ and it flows out at a point called the ____.

Answer 113

water intake, Spillways, inlet, outlet

Question 114

The diversion pond can be constructed: either on sloping ground as a _____; or on flat ground as a _____ sometimes called a _____.

Answer 114

cut-and-fill pond; four-dike embankment pond, paddy pond.