Health:
- includes physical, mental, and spiritual aspects
- absence of injury or disease
According to the dichotomous classification of health, an individual is either ____ or _____.
- healthy
- not healthy
According to the dichotomous classification of health, presence of injury or disease indicates the individual is ______.
not healthy
WHO definition of health:
- state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
- not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Health Council of the Netherlands definition of health:
the ability to adapt and to self manage
Healthy organisms are capable of ______, which is:
- allostasis
- maintaining homeostasis through changing conditions
With physiological stress, a healthy organism can:
- mount protective response
- reduce potential for harm
- restore equilibrium through adaptation
Name 4 health related physical fitness components.
- cardiovascular
- body composition
- flexibility (suppleness)
- muscular fitness (strength and endurance)
Name 3 other physical fitness components.
- neuromotor (balance, agility, dexterity)
- explosiveness (power, speed, quickness)
Deterioration of 1 or more of the health related components may…
negatively influence health
Each of the 4 health related components must be _____ through physical activity.
maintained
Too little PA results in ______ in one or more of the health related components of physical fitness.
deterioration
Components of physical fitness are specific to…
type of PA
_____ may be used to maintain, restore or improve components of physical fitness.
exercise
Define cardiovascular component of PF.
ability to supply muscles with oxygen and ability for muscles to utilize oxygen
What are the 2 subtypes of cardiovascular components of PF?
- aerobic
- anaerobic
What are the potential consequences of failing to keep up with the cardiovascular components of PF?
- cardiac, pulmonary and/or vascular disease
- impaired performance of sustained low intensity PA
- impaired recovery following physical exertion
Body composition:
the absolute and relative amounts of fat, bone and muscle composing the body
What are the 3 subtypes of body composition?
- muscle mass
- fat mass
- bone mass/bone mineral density
What are the potential consequences of failing to keep up with the body composition components of PF?
- cardiac, pulmonary and/or vascular disease
- metabolic diseases (eg. type II diabetes)
- osteopaenia –> osteoporosis
- sarcopaenia (muscle wasting)
Flexibility/suppleness:
the range of motion through which a segment or joint can move
What are the 2 subtypes of flexibility?
- active
- passive
What are the potential consequences of failing to keep up with the flexibility components of PF?
- inability to perform physical tasks properly
- increased risk of musculoskeletal injury
- pain/discomfort
Muscular Fitness:
the ability for a muscle to generate force (strength), repetitively or for a sustained period (endurance)
