Lecture 9

Question 1

What is the glycemic index? How is it measured?

Answer 1

• ingest food equivalent to 50g of carbs
• eat in 15 minutes with water
• measures blood glucose level over 2 hours

Question 2

What are the features of a high GI food?

Answer 2

• carbs break down quickly
• releases blood sugar quickly into the blood stream

Question 3

What are the features of a medium GI food?

Answer 3

• carbs break down moderately
• releases blood sugar moderately into the blood stream

Question 4

What are the features of a low GI food?

Answer 4

• carbs break down slowly
• releases blood sugar gradually into the blood stream

Question 5

What food GI is better for diabetics?

Answer 5

low GI

Question 6

What can lower GI?

Answer 6

• fat
• fibre

Question 7

What are the problems with GI?

Answer 7

• differs in individuals
• serving size isn’t accounted for
• combining food can give an unpredictable GI

Question 8

What is glycemic load?

Answer 8

blood glucose levels in response to food in a typical serving

Question 9

What are the major carb gut-related conditions?

Answer 9

• coeliac
• lactose intolerance
• IBS
• IBD
• colorectal cancer

Question 10

What is IBS?

Answer 10

• chronic gut condition
• uncomfortable but usually harmless
• 5-10% prevalence, more common in women younger than 50
• cause isn’t known

Question 11

What are the recommendations to understand your IBS?

Answer 11

write a food diary and the symptoms that come with it

Question 12

What is a FODMAP diet?

Answer 12

• certain foods
• some people experience gut problems after consumption

Question 13

What are the symptoms that can be experienced by those who can’t eat FODMAP foods?

Answer 13

• cramping
• diarrhoea
• constipation
• bloating
• farts

Question 14

What are the phases of implementing a low FODMAP diet?

Answer 14

• Phase 1: Eliminate high FODMAP foods for 4-6 weeks.
• Phase 2: Slowly incorporate these back into your diet and note foods that cause symptoms. Keep a diary.
• Phase 3: Restrict foods that trigger unwanted symptoms, and move forward with nutrition plan.

Question 15

What are the statistics for colon cancer?

Answer 15

• 2nd highest cause of cancer related death in NZ
• NZ has some of the highest rates
• men have higher risk

Question 15

Before starting a low FODMAP diet, what should be done?

Answer 15

• Get a medical diagnosis for IBS.
• Try other avenues first to get symptom relief.
• Plan ahead and prepare for dietary restrictions.
• Note that some high FODMAP foods promote “good”bacteria.

Question 16

What are some colon cancer risk factors?

Answer 16

• age
• smoking
• obesity
• alcohol
• not enough exercise
• IBD
• genetics

Question 17

What is IBD?

Answer 17

• irritable bowel disease
• e.g crohn’s disease, ulcerative disease