Lecture One

Question 1

Define the term cranial vault:

Answer 1

a strong, roughly egg-shaped bony casing designed to encase the delicate brain. Membrane bones of dorsal dome like portion also known as calvaria

Question 2

Define the term skull:

Answer 2

a jigsaw of individual bones that unite at sutures (approx. 33 of them) to form important structures including but not limited to braincase (or cranium), sockets (orbit), twin nasal cavities and the upper jaw, articular processes, bony ear cavities

Question 3

Define the term facial skeleton:

Answer 3

forms framework of the face and muscles of facial expression providing openings for the passage of food. A horizontal hard plate (hardpalate) separates nasal and the oral cavities

Question 4

What is meant by the term intramembranous ossification?

Answer 4

The process of bone formation. Brough about by the action of special cells known as osteoblasts, which deposit layers of bone within connective tissue. In intramembranous ossification bones are formed directly in connective tissue

Question 5

What is meant by the term calvaria?

Answer 5

The caudal thin bone dome like section of the cranial skeleton

Question 6

What is meant by the term suture?

Answer 6

Is a dense fibrous connective tissue union between two different layers of bone

Question 7

Name the following major regions of the skull:

Answer 7

1. Nasal Bone
2. Incisive Bone
3. Maxilla Bone
4. Frontal Bone
5. Zygomatic Bone
6. Lacrimal Bone
7. Palantine Bone
8. Temporal Bone
9. Parietal Bone
10. Occipital Bone

Question 8

Name the following features:

Answer 8

1. Orbit
2. Zygomatic Arch
3. Occipital Condyle
4. External Acoustic Meatus
5. Tympanic Bulla
6. Retroarticular Process

Question 9

Name the following feautures:

Answer 9

1. Nuchal crest
2. Sagittal crest
3. Zygomatic Arch
4. External Occipital Protuberence

Question 10

Name the following features:

Answer 10

1. Hard palate
2. Choanae
3. Temporomandibular joint
4. Foramen magnum

Question 11

Name the following features:

Answer 11

1. Orbit
2. Nasal cavity

Question 12

Name the following processes:

Answer 12

1. Mandible
2. Mental foramina ( rostral, caudal, middle)
3. angular process
4. condylar process. Articulates with the mandibular fossa to form the temperomandibular joint
5. Coronoid process
6. Mandibular symphasis
7. Ramus
8. Mandibular foramen

Question 13

What are the names of the following muscles?

Answer 13

1. Frontalis muscle
2. Zygomaticus
3. Obicularis Oculi
4. Levator nasolabialis
5. Obicularis oris
6. Buccinator

Question 14

What is the thickest part of bone within the human skull?

Answer 14

The petroneus portion of the temporal bone