Information Management 1 > Lesson 2 > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 4 main types of Databases

A

Heirarchical Database
Network Databases
Relational Databases
Object Relational Databases

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2
Q

defines hierarchically-arranged data.

A

Heirarchical Database

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3
Q

The most intuitive way to visualize this type of relationship is by visualizing an upside down tree of data. In this tree, a single table acts as the “root” of the database from which other tables “branch” out.

A

Heirarchical Database

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4
Q

Relationships in such a system are thought of in terms of children and parents such that a child may only have one parent but a parent can have multiple children

A

Heirarchical Database

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5
Q

Parents and children are tied together by links called “_________” (perhaps physical addresses inside the file system).

A

Pointers

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6
Q

A parent will have a list of pointers to each of their children

A

Heirarchical Database

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7
Q

When a user needs to store a record in a child table that is currently unrelated to any record in a parent table,it gets difficulty in recording and user must record an additional entry in the parent table.

A

Heirarchical Database

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8
Q

This type of database cannot support complex relationships, and there is also a problem of redundancy, which can result in producing inaccurate information due to the inconsistent recording of data at various sites.

A

Heirarchical Database

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9
Q

It was created to solve the shortcomings of the hierarchical database model.

A

Network Database

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10
Q

In this type of model, a child can be linked to multiple parents, a feature that was not supported by the hierarchical data mode

A

Network Database

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11
Q

The parent nodes are known as owners and the child are nodes

A

Network Database

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12
Q

is much more complicated than the Hierarchical model. As such, it is difficult to handle and maintain.

A

Network Database

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13
Q

is more flexible than the Hierarchical model, it still has flexibility problems. Not all relations can handled by assigning them in the form of owners and members.

A

Network Database

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14
Q

is quite complicatedand so the programmer has to understand it well in

A

Network Database

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15
Q

This database is based on the relational data model, which stores data in the form of rows(tuple) and columns(attributes), and together forms a table(relation).

A

Relational Database

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16
Q

Rows is also knows as?

A

Tuple

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17
Q

Columns is also known as?

A

Attributes

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18
Q

Table is also known as?

A

Relation

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19
Q

uses SQL for storing, manipulating, as well as maintaining the data.

A

Relational Database

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20
Q

Who invented the Relational Database?

A

E. F. Codd or Edgar Frank Codd

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21
Q

When did Codd invented the Relational Database

22
Q

Each table in the database carries a key that makes the data unique from others.

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A

Relational Database

23
Q

Examples of this database are MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, etc

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A

Relational Database

24
Q

It is a combination of a Object oriented database model and a Relational database model.

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A

Object Relational Database

25
it supports objects, classes, inheritance etc. just like Object Oriented models and has support for data types, tabular structures etc. like Relational data model.
Object Relational Database
26
It is to close the gap between relational databases and the object oriented practices frequently used in many programming languages such as C++, C#, Java etc.
Object Relational Database
27
What are the ranges of database
Personal Database PCs/PDAs, Cellphone Workgroup Database Department Database Enterprise Database
28
It is OK in special situations where need to share data amongst users is unlikely to arise
Personal Database PCs/PDAs, Cellphone
29
Designed to support collaboration in a small team (less than 25 people)
Workgroup Database
30
typically larger than a workgroup (25-100 people) and more diverse range of functions–eg
Department Database
31
scope of the whole organization
Enterprise Database
32
May be more than one, as a single database for a large organization may be impractical due to performance difficulties for large databases, diverse needs of user groups, and difficulty of achieving common definition of data (metadata) for all users.
Enterprise Database
33
A database contains a no. of files and certain programs to access and modify these files. But the actual data is not shown to the user, the system hides the actual details of how data is stored and maintaine
View of Data
34
It is a mechanism to hide complexity of database in database system. It allows database system to provide abstract view of database user. It hides how data are actually stored and maintain in database
Data Abstraction
35
Data abstraction simplifies users interactions with the system, and it has three levels:
Internal/Physical Level Conceptual/Logical Level External/View Level
36
the lowest level of abstraction describes a record (e.g.,customer) is stored.
Internal/Physical Level
37
Defines all database entities, their attributes, and their relationships.
Conceptual/Logical Level
38
Security and integrity information.
Conceptual/Logical Level
39
the data available to a user must be contained in or derivable from the physical level
Conceptual/Logical Level
40
the highest level of abstraction only part of entire database.
External/View Level
41
It simplifies interaction with the system.
External/View Level
42
It allows the database system to provide many views for the same database.
External/View Level
43
hide details of data types Views can also hide information (such as employee’s salary) security purposes
Application Program
44
refers to a single occurrence of a database running on a database server
Instance
45
database change as information is inserted, deleted and updated.
Instance
46
The collection of information stored in the database at particular moment is called an instance of the database.
Instance
47
refers to the organization or structure of a database
Schema
48
It defines how data is organized and how relationships among data elements are handled.
Schema
49
A database ________ includes tables, fields, relationships,and constraints.
Schema
50
Three types of schema:
Physical Schema Logical Schema View Schema
Information Management 1
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