- An entity that take on different values.
- An aspect of a theory that can vary or change as part of the interaction within a theory.
- Anything that can affect or change the results of a study.
- Anything that can VARY
- can be considered a ________; these are needed to understand difference.
Variable
- Variables with values that describe a MEASURABLE QUANTITY
- It answers the question “How many” or “how much”
- Considered as Quantitative Data
NUMERIC
2 Types of Numeric Variable
- Continuous/Interval Variable
- Discrete Variables
Assume any value BETWEEN a certain set of real numbers depending on the scale used.
Continuous/Interval Variable
Can only assume any WHOLE value within the limits of the given variables.
Discrete Variables
Variable with values that describe a Quality or Characteristic of a data unit
Categorical
- It answers the question “What type” or “which category”
- It is considered a qualitative data.
Categorical Variable
Can take a value which can be logically ordered or ranking
Example:
Clothing size, academic ranking, salary scale, levels of satisfaction.
Ordinal Variables
Values which CANNOT be organized in a logical sequence.
Example:
Learning styles, language spoken, blood types,plate numbers
Nominal Variables
Variables that represent only two categories
Dichotomous variables
Variables that have many categories
Polychotomous variables
What are the 4 Types of Categorical Variable?
O N D P
- Ordinal Variables
- Nominal Variables
- Dichotomous Variables
- Polychotomous Variables
Variables that determine the CAUSAL relationships.
Experimental Variable
- Presumed to cause changes in another variable
- Usually manipulated in an experiment.
Independent Variables (CAUSAL)
- Variables that change because of another variable.
- Usually affected by the manipulation
- Variables that are monitored in an experiment.
Dependent Variables (EFFECT)
- Variables that are held CONSTANT
- Help to Identify the Possible Differences in Outcomes as a result of ____________ certain variable.
Control Variables
- Variable that delineates how a relationship of interest changes under different conditions or circumstances.
- Either quantitative or qualitative
Moderator Variables
- Variables that are ALREADY EXISTING during the conduct of an experiment.
- These variables could influence the results of the study.
- As much as possible, must be controlled because they can offer an alternative result.
Extraneous Variables
What are the 5 Types of Experimental Variable?
I D C M E
- Independent Variables (CAUSAL)
- Dependent Variables (EFFECT)
- Control Variables
- Moderator Variables
- Extraneous Variables
Variables which CANNOT be manipulated by the researcher.
Non-Experimental Variable
Variables that Change/Affect other variables in a Non-Experimental
Predictor Variables
Variables that are influenced by the predictor variable in a on-experimental study
Criterion Variables
What are the 2 Types of Non-Experimental Variable?
- Predictor Variables
- Criterion Variables
What are the 4 Types of Variables?
- Numerical
- Categorical
- Non-experimental
- Experimental
