Lesson 5

Question 1

what are the vital functions of the phonatory system?

Answer 1

• protecting the lungs

- assisting in performance of physically demanding tasks

Question 2

whats two other names for the phonatory system?

Answer 2

laryngeal and voicing

Question 3

what makes up the larynx

Answer 3

• cricoid
• arytenoid
• thyroid
• epiglottis
• corniculates and cuneiforms
• hyoid bone
• laryngeal ligaments and membranes

Question 4

what parts on the larynx are made of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 4

• cricoid
• arytenoids
• thyroid
• corniculates and cuneiforms

Question 5

what part of the larynx is made of elastic cartilage?

Answer 5

epiglottis

Question 6

• right on top of the trachea

- specialized trachea ring

Answer 6

cricoid

Question 7

how do you name a processes?

Answer 7

by what they connect to

Question 8

• has the muscular process
• has the vocalic process
• has an apex
• on each side of the cricoid
• asymmetrical

Answer 8

arytenoids

Question 9

• largest cartilage in the larynx
• symmetrical
• can pivot on lower cornua
• the lower cornua attaches to cricoid

Answer 9

thyroid

Question 10

• leaf/heart shaped
• attached with a ligament to the thyroid
• vital for swallowing
• irrelevant for speech and breathing

Answer 10

epiglottis

Question 11

courses between the inside of the thyroid angle and the vocalic processes of the arytenoid cartilages

part of the vocal folds

Answer 11

vocal ligament

Question 12

muscles connecting parts of the larynx to eachother

Answer 12

intrinsic muscles

Question 13

muscles connecting the larynx to structures outside the larynx

Answer 13

extrinsic muscles

Question 14

these muscles abduct and adduct the vocal folds and affect vocal fold tension

Answer 14

intrinsic laryngeal muscles

Question 15

• vocalis
• external or lateral thyroarytenoid
• cricothyroid
• posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA)
• lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA)
• transverse aryetnoid
• oblique arytenoid

Answer 15

intrinsic laryngeal muscles

Question 16

what is the origin of the internal thyroarytenoid (vocalis)?

Answer 16

angle of thyroid

Question 17

what is the insertion of the internal thyroarytenoid (vocalis)?

Answer 17

vocal process of arytenoid

Question 18

what is the action of the internal thyroarytenoid (vocalis)?

Answer 18

regulate contraction of VFs; tensor of folds

Question 19

what is the origin of the external thyroarytenoid?

Answer 19

angle of thyroid

Question 20

what is the insertion of the external thyroarytenoid ?

Answer 20

muscular process of arytenoid

Question 21

what is the action of the external thyroarytenoid?

Answer 21

pull arytenoids forward and rotates them

-adductor

Question 22

what is the origin of the cricothyroid muscle?

Answer 22

anterolateral aspect of arch of cricoid

Question 23

what is the insertion of the cricothyroid muscle?

Answer 23

inferior cornu and caudal margin of thyroid

Question 24

what is the action of the cricothyroid?

Answer 24

pull thyroid forward and elevate arch of cricoid; regulates vocal pitch by tensing and lengthening VFs

Question 25

what is the origin of the PCA?

Answer 25

posterior surface of cricoid

Question 26

what is the insertion of the PCA?

Answer 26

muscular process of arytenoid

Question 27

what is the action of the PCA?

Answer 27

open and tense VFs; only abductors in larynx

Question 28

what is the origin of the LCA?

Answer 28

superior border of arch of cricoid

Question 29

what is the insertion of the LCA?

Answer 29

muscular process of arytenoid

Question 30

what is the action of the LCA?

Answer 30

close and tense the VFs; adductors; major antagonists of posterior cricoarytenoid; add medical compression to VFs

Question 31

what is the origin of the transverse arytenoid muscles?

Answer 31

posterior edge of arytenoids

Question 32

what is the insertion of the transverse arytenoid muscles?

Answer 32

same region on contralateral member

Question 33

what is the action of the transverse arytenoid muscles?

Answer 33

approximate arytenoids; adductors

Question 34

what is the origin of the oblique arytenoid muscles?

Answer 34

posterior surface and lateral margin of arytenoid

Question 35

what is the insertion of the oblique arytenoid muscles?

Answer 35

apex of contralateral member

Question 36

what is the action of the oblique arytenoid muscles?

Answer 36

draw apices of arytenoids together; adductor

Question 37

- thyrohyoid - sternothyroid - sternohyoid - omohyoid - anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric - stylohyoid - mylohyoid - geniohyoid

Answer 37

extrinsic laryngeal muscles

Question 38

- thyrohyoid - sternothyroid - sternohyoid - omohyoid

Answer 38

infrahyoid set

Question 39

- anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric - stylohyoid - mylohyoid - geniohyoid

Answer 39

suprahyoid set

Question 40

what do the suprahyoid muscles do?

Answer 40

- effect pitch - effect swallowing - capable of elevating the larynx

Question 41

what do the infrahyoid muscles do?

Answer 41

- strap muscles | - capable of pulling down and anchoring the larynx

Question 42

control the shape of the glottis and vibratory behavior of the vocal folds

Answer 42

intrinsic

Question 43

support and control position of larynx; elevate or depress the larynx

Answer 43

extrinsic