Linguistics

Question 1

Phonology

Answer 1

Sound system of a language

Question 2

Phones

Answer 2

Phonetic sounds that occur in a language, and the ways in which they pattern

Question 3

Phonemes

Answer 3

Abstract basic units that differentiate words

Question 4

Complementary distribution

Answer 4

Similar phones occur

Question 5

Allophones

Answer 5

Predictable phonetic variants

Question 6

Phonological segments

Answer 6

Phonemes and phones

Question 7

Phonetic features

Answer 7

Voiced, nasal, labial, and continuant

Question 8

Suprasegmental features

Answer 8

Pitch, stress, and segment length

Question 9

Tone languages

Answer 9

Languages in which syllables or words are contrasted by pitch

Question 10

Deletion rules

Answer 10

Rules that delete segments

Question 11

Assimilation rules/dissimilation rules

Answer 11

Rules that add segments

Question 12

Nondistinctive features/epenthetic rules

Answer 12

Rules that insert segments

Question 13

Phonological rules refer to…

Answer 13

Entire classes of sound

Question 14

Morphophonemic rules

Answer 14

Specific morphemes such as the past tense morpheme

Question 15

phonotactics

Answer 15

Determine which sounds may be adjacent within the syllable
Determine what words are possible in a language

Question 16

Accidental gaps

Answer 16

Possible but nonoccuring words

Question 17

Methodology

Answer 17

Looking for minimal pairs of words

Question 18

T/F
Phonemic shape of words is identical with their phonetic form

Answer 18

False!

Question 19

Velar

Answer 19

Speech sound produced by raising the back of the tongue against the soft palate

Question 20

Alveolar

Answer 20

Speech sound that is made with the tip of the tongue touching the roof of the mouth near the front of the teeth

Question 21

Nasalization

Answer 21

Phonetic phenomenon where airflow through the nose occurs during the articulation of certain speech sounds

Question 22

Voiced

Answer 22

Require the use of vocal cords to produce the sound

Question 23

Voiceless

Answer 23

Do not have to use the vocal cords to produce the sound

Question 24

Voiceless/Voiced

Answer 24

Both use breath, teeth, lips, upper palate

Question 25

Affricate

Answer 25

Combines a plosive with a following fricative or spirant sharing the same place of articulation

Question 26

Phonemic

Answer 26

Ability to notice, think about, and work with individual sounds in spoken words

Question 27

Velum

Answer 27

Soft palate Back part of the roof of your mouth

Question 28

Fricatives

Answer 28

Sounds usually associated with letters such as f, s;v, z, which the air passes through a narrow constriction that causes the air to flow turbulently and thus create a noisy sound

Question 29

Plosive

Answer 29

denoting a consonant that is produced by stopping the airflow using the lips, teeth, or palate followed by a sudden release of air

Question 30

Stop sounds

Answer 30

Sounds that are made by blocking airflow from the mouth and then releasing it, creating a short puff of air

Question 31

Intonation

Answer 31

variation of pitch in the spoken language

Question 32

Glide

Answer 32

The stressed syllable is the last syllable in the sentence. There is movement within the sentence

Question 33

Segmentals

Answer 33

Individual units of speech (vowels, consonants, diphthongs)

Question 34

Suprasegmentals

Answer 34

Speech features that accompany or are added over a segmental (stress, pitch, intonation, juncture)

Question 35

Stress

Answer 35

Degree of force or prominence given to a syllable or word + extra loudness given to a particular syllable or word

Question 36

2 types of stress

Answer 36

Word stress Sentence stress