Lipids: Function

Question 1

Lipids can be used in the ______ or as a _______ component

Answer 1

body
food

Question 2

Lipid function in the body: as a compact storage of

Answer 2

energy (TG)

Question 3

Lipid function in the body: as a thermal ________

Answer 3

insulator (TG in adipose)

Question 4

Lipid function in the body: as a _______ to support

Answer 4

cushion
internal organs
(eg. kidneys - TG in adipose)

Question 5

Lipid function in the body: as a constituent of membranes of

Answer 5

all cells and cell organelles (phospholipids, glycolipids, sterols)

Question 6

Lipid function in the body: as a constituent of

Answer 6

myelin sheath
(complex/derived fats, eg. cerebrosides)

Question 7

Lipid function in the body: precursor to

Answer 7

essential compounds (fatty acids)

Question 8

Lipid function as a food component: high

Answer 8

energy value

Question 9

Lipid function as a food component: as a source of

Answer 9

essential fatty acids

Question 10

Lipid function as a food component: as a medium for _______ vitamins and a requisite for their

Answer 10

fat-soluble
digestion and transport in the blood from absorption

Question 11

Lipid function as a food component: provide

Answer 11

flavor and aroma to food

Question 12

Lipid function as a food component: high _______ value

Answer 12

satiety

Question 13

We can make all essential fatty acids except for

Answer 13

n-3 and n-6

Question 14

Because we make all essential fatty acids but n-3 and n-6 general roles can be

Answer 14

met by adequate energy intake

Question 15

Essential fatty acid deficiency can be seen in

Answer 15

depressed growth
dermatitis
kidney lesions
early death

Question 16

Fatty acid composition of foods can determine what 2 things

Answer 16

physical properties
nutritional implications

Question 17

Physical properties of fatty acids include

Answer 17

solid (fat) vs liquid (oils)

Question 18

Nutritional implications include

Answer 18

saturated fatty acids vs trans-fatty acids vs monounsaturated fatty acids vs polyunsaturated fatty acids

Question 19

Foods containing medium chain fatty acids

Answer 19

coconut oil
palm kernel oil
MCT oil

Question 20

Medium chain fatty acids are ______ at room temperature

Answer 20

liquid

Question 21

Medium chain fatty acids are ______ but not _______

Answer 21

saturated
long chain

Question 22

Health implication for medium chain fatty acids

Answer 22

decrease intake because they increase serum cholesterol (especially LDL)

Question 23

Foods containing long chain fatty acids

Answer 23

dairy
lard
tallow (animal)
cocoa

Question 24

Long chain fatty acids are _______ at room temperature

Answer 24

solid

Question 25

Health implication for long chain fatty acids

Answer 25

suggest decrease to <10% total energy

Question 26

Foods containing monounsaturated fatty acids

Answer 26

olive oil canola oil peanut oil

Question 27

Monounsaturated fatty acids do not

Answer 27

raise serum cholesterol

Question 28

Monounsaturated fatty acids can be used to ______ saturated fatty acids

Answer 28

replace

Question 29

Foods containing polyunsaturated fatty acids as n-6

Answer 29

seed oils: corn, soy, safflower

Question 30

Linoleic converts to __________ through __________

Answer 30

18:3n6 desaturation

Question 31

18:3n6 is called

Answer 31

gamma linolenic acid

Question 32

Gamma linolenic acid is found in

Answer 32

primrose, borage (supplements)

Question 33

Foods containing polyunsaturated fatty acids as n-3 (18:3n3)

Answer 33

canola (10%) linseed soy (7%)

Question 34

Foods containing polyunsaturated fatty acids as n-3 (20:5n3)

Answer 34

fish: fatty fish (salmon, trout) or fish liver oils

Question 35

Goal ratio for monunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids

Answer 35

M&P/S >1

Question 36

You can decrease saturated fatty acids and increase monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids without

Answer 36

increasing total fat

Question 37

Too much polyunsaturated fatty acids (especially _________) can cause

Answer 37

omega-6 eicosanoid problems