AEROBIC long term adaptation of the cardiovascular system
-increased cardiac hypertrophy
-increased red blood cells
-increased haemoglobin
-increased venous return
-increased diastolic(relaxation) phase
-increased o2 carrying capacity
-increased vasomotor control
-increased vascular shunting
AEROBIC long term adaptation of the respiratory system
-increased strength of respiratory muscles
-increased clearance of co2
-increased surface area of alveoli
-increased TV, MV & vital capacity
AEROBIC long term adaptation of the musculoskeletal/neuromuscular system
-Increased mitochondrial density
-increased myoglobin
-increased bone density
-increased capillaries around the muscles
-more efficient type 1 fibres
-greater utilisation of type 2a fibres
-increased synovial fluid
-increased strength and pliability of tendons
AEROBIC effect on spotting performance
-athlete can stay in aerobic zone for longer, maintain faster pace for longer
(delay reaching anaerobic threshold and lactate accumulation - OBLA)
-vo2 max is increased
ANAEROBIC long term adaptation of the musculoskeletal system
-muscular hypertrophy
-muscle fibres increase in diameter
-greater recruitment of type 2b
-increased bone density
-increased strength and thickness of tendons
-ligaments become more elasticated
ANAEROBIC long term adaptation of the neuromuscular system
-increased speed of nerve transmission
-prevents the effect of lactate
-increased glycogen stores
-greater motor recruitment
Effect on anaerobic sporting performance
-speed and strength of contraction increases
-increased power which can be maintained
-increased muscular endurance
-increased reaction time
-athlete can tolerate lactate acid for longer
-work in anaerobic zone for longer
-low fatigue index
