Lower Extremity Flashcards by Clyde Silverio

[Anterior thigh muscles]

What innervates the anterior thigh muscles?

Femoral nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

What are your anterior thigh msucles?

Iliopsoas
Tensor fascia lata
Sartorius
Pectineus
Quadriceps femoris

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

What is the strongest hip flexor

Ilipsoas

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

What medially rotates the thigh?

Tensor fascia lata

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

What laterally rotates the thigh

Sartorius

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

What are the components of your quadriceps femoris

Remember: tatlong Vastus sa recto

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

what supples the tensor fascia lata?

Superior gluteal nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

What is the origin of sartorius and TFL?

ASIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

what is the origin of your rectus femoris?

AIIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

Wha is the common insertion of quadriceps femoris?

Patellar tendon

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Anterior thigh muscles]

What is the main action of the anterior compartment of the thigh muscles?

Flex the thigh at hip joint

2. Extend the leg at knee joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Medial thigh muscles]

What are the components of your medial thigh?

Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Medial thigh muscles]

what innervates your medial thigh?

obturator nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Medial thigh muscles]

what is the common insertion of your adductor muscles?

Linea aspera of femur

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Medial thigh muscles]

What is the insertion of the hamstring part of adductor magnus?

Adductor tubercle of femur

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Medial thigh muscles]

what adducts the thigh and flexes the leg?

Gracilis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Medial thigh muscles]

What is the main action of your medial thigh muscles?

ADducts the thigh

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Posterior thigh muscles]

What are the actions of your posterior thigh muscles?

Extend the thigh

2. Flex the leg

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Posterior thigh muscles]

What innervates your posterior thigh muscles?

Sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Posterior thigh muscles]

What are the muscles of your posterior thigh?

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris, long head (tibial part)
Biceps femoris, short head, common peroneal
Adductor magnus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Posterior thigh muscles]

What is the common origin of your hamstring muscles?

Ischial tuberosuty

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the innervation of the adductor magnus?

Medial thigh - obturator nerve

2. Posterior thigh - Sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Femoral triangle]

What are the contents of your femoral traingle?

NAVEL

Femoral nerve and its branches
Femoral sheath
Femoral artery and branches
Femoral branches and tributaries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Femoral triangle]

What are the borders of your femoral triangle?

S: Inguinal ligament
M: adductor longus
L: sartorius
F: Adductor longus, pectineu, lliopsoas

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[Femoral Sheath] It is formed by____

1. Inferior prolongation of the iliopsoas | 2. Transversalis fasia

[Femoral Sheath] What are the compartments of the femoral sheath?

1. Lateral - femoral artery 2. Intermediate - femoral vein 3. Medial - femoral canal

What is the most lateral structure within the femoral sheath?

Femoral artery remember: sheath: artery

What is the most lateral structure within the femoral triangle

Femoral nerve Remember: triangle: nerve

What nerve supplies the skin below the inguinal ligament?

genitofemoral nerve

The femoral vein is ___ (lateral/medial) to the femoral pulse

medial

Where can you palpate the femoral pulse?

between the ASIS and symphisis pubis

This refers to the hunter canal

Adductor canal = subsartorial canal

[Adductor canal] what are the contents of your adductor canal?

1. Femoral artery/vein 2. Saphenous nerve 3. Nerve to vastus medialis

This tunnel runs from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus in the adductor magnus muscle

adductor hiatus

[Gluteal region] what are the different regions in your gluteal area?

1. Superficial group - extends thig 2. Intermediate group - ABduct, medially rotate thigh 3. Deep group, lateral rotator of thigh

[Gluteal region] What are the muscles of the superficial group of the gluteal region?

Gluteus maximus - extend thigh

[Gluteal region] What are the muscles of the intermediate group of the gluteal region?

1. Gluteus medius 2. Gluteus minimus ABduct thigh Medially rotates thigh

[Gluteal region] What are the muscles of the deep group of the gluteal region?

1. Piriformis 2. Obturator internus 3. Superior and inferior gemelli 4. Quadratus femoris lateral rotator

What are the common origin of your gluteal muscles?

Outer surface of ilium

Which gluteal muscles does not insert in the greater trochanter of femur?

1. Gluteus maximus | 2. Quadratus femoris

[Gluteal region] What innervates your gluteal medius and minimus?

Superior gluteal

What is the largest nerve in the body?

sciatic nerve

[Ligaments] What prevents overextension during standing?

Iliofemoral ligament Inverted Y shape

[Ligaments] What limits extension and abduction at the hip joint

Pubofemoral Triangular shape

[Ligaments] what limits extension at the hip joint?

Ishiofemoral Spiral shaped

[Diagnose: Nerve injury] Waddling gate

superior gluteal nerve

What muscle is damaged in waddling gate?

Weakened gluteus medius

Weak Right gluteus medius results to pelvic sagging to the ____

unsupported limb

[Diagnose: Nerve injury] Weakness in the ability to laterally rotate and extend the thigh at the hip joint like climbing stairs or rising from a chair

Inferior gluteal nerve

[Diagnose: Nerve injury] IM injection at this site can lead to sciatic nerve damage

lower medial quadrant

[Diagnose: Nerve injury] intragluteal injections are done at the

superolateral part of the buttock

___ syndrome irritates and places pressure on the sciatic nerve causing pain in the buttocks and referring pain along the course of sciatic nerve

Piriformis Syndrome

___ pain in the lower back and hip radiating down the back of the thigh and leg

Sciatica

[Diagnose: Nerve injury] pain and paresthesia in the skin of the medial aspect of the leg and foot. no motor loss.

saphenous nerve lesions

[Diagnose: Nerve injury] inability to adduct the thigh at the hip, paresthesia of the medial thigh

obturator nerve lesions

[gaits and associated pathology] spastic gait

ALS

[gaits and associated pathology] waddling gait

1. superior gluteal nerve injury | 2. Duchenne muscular dystrophy

[gaits and associated pathology] Wide-based gait

Cerebellar lesion

[gaits and associated pathology] Steppage gait/foot drop

common peroneal

[gaits and associated pathology] shuffling gait

parkinsons

[Femur] Neck shaft angle > 140deg

Coxa Valga ADduction is limited

[Femur] Neck shaft angle < 135

Coxa vara ABduction is limited

[Femur] what is the major arterial supply of the femoral head?

Medial femoral circumflex

[Femur] What is the arterial supply of small branch of the femoral head?

Obturator artery

[Femur] Dislocation of the femoral head commonly occur in the __ direction

posterior

[Leg] what are the three compartments of the leg

Anterior Lateral Posterior

[Leg] What is the action of the anterior leg muscles

1. Dorsiflex foot | 2. Extend foot

[Leg] what is the nerve supply of the anterior leg muscles?

Deep peroneal nerve

[Leg] What are the your anterior leg muscles?

1. Tibialis anterior 2. Extensor digitorum longus 3. Extensor hallucis longus 4. Extensor digitorum brevis 5. Peroneus tertius

[Leg] What is the action of your lateral leg muscles

1. Eversion | 2. Weak plantarflexion

[Leg] What innervates your lateral leg muscles?

superficial peroneal nerve

[Leg] What are the components of your lateral leg muscles

1. Peroneus longus | 2. Peroneus brevis

[Leg] What is the action of your posterior leg muscles?

1. Plantarflexion | 2. Flexion

What muscle unlocks the knee

Popliteus

Muscle that is part of the posterior leg muscle but has no action on the ankle joint

Popliteus

[Leg] what innervates your posterior leg muscle?

tibial nerve

[Leg] What are the components of your superficial, posterior leg muscle

1. Gastrocnemius 2. Plantaris 3. Soleus

[Leg] What are the components of your deep, posterior leg muscle

1. Popliteus 2. Flexor digitorum longus 3. Flexor hallucis longus 4. Tibialis posterior

[Leg] Triceps surae is made of what muscles

1. Gastrocnemius | 2. Soleus

[Diagnose] Sudden acute pain at the back of the calf or ankle snap is heard, patient difficulty walking and standing on TIPTOE

Achilles tendon rupture

What muscle everts the foot, and plantar flex

Peroneus

Wha muscle inverts the foot, and plantar flex the foot?

tibialis muscle

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

1. Popliteal vessels 2. Common peroneal N 3. Posterior cutaneous N 4. LN 5. Small saphenous N 6. Tibial N 7. Genicular branch of obturator N

[Tendon reflexes] C5

Biceps brachii

[Tendon reflexes] C6

Brachioradialis

[Tendon reflexes] L4

Patellar tendon

[Tendon reflexes] S1

Achilles tendon

[Blood Vessels of the LE] What are the branches of your external iliac artery?

1. Inferior epigastric 2. Deep circumflex 3. Femoral

[Blood Vessels of the LE] What are the branches of your femoral artery

1. Superficial femoral | 2. Deep femoral artery

[Landmark of pulses] What is the landmark to locate the dorsalis pedis pulse?

Between the malleoli and 1st intermetatarsal space

[Landmark of pulses] Femoral artery

behind the inguinal ligament midway between the ASIS and symphysis pubis

[Landmark of pulses] popliteal artery

popliteal space by passively flexing the knee joint

[Landmark of pulses] posterior tibial

behind the medial malleolus, between tendons of FDL and FHL/ midway between medial malleolus and heel

The great saphenous vein drains to the?

Femoral vein

The small saphenous vein drains to the

Popliteal vein

[Cutaneous innervations] The lateral cutaneous and superficial peroneal originates from the?

Common peroneal

[Cutaneous innervations] The saphenous nerve originates from the?

femoral nerve

[Cutaneous innervations] What supplies the anteromedial surface of teh leg

Saphenour nerve

The sural nerve is a branch of?

Tibial nerve

[Cutaneous innervations] supplies the skin of the lower part of the posterolateral surface of the leg

Sural nerve

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg

Deep peroneal

What nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg

superficial peroneal

what nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

tibial

[Nerve lesion] Weakness in foot eversion

Superficial peroneal/ Fibular nerve lesions

[Nerve lesion] Patient cant stand on tiptoes

Tibial nerve lesions

Lower Extremity Flashcards

(105 cards)