Lower Extremity Structure + Function QUIZ

Question 1

a force that causes VARUS to the knee is mostly to be resisted by which of the following structures?

-the pes anserinus group
-lateral meniscus
-lateral collateral ligament
-medial collateral ligament

Answer 1

lateral collateral ligament

Question 2

which of the following muscles might assist to extend the limb during closed chain function of the leg?

-sartorius
-hamstrings
-psoas major
-tibialis anterior

Answer 2

hamstrings

Question 3

your pt has an intra-articular cartilage defect in the hip. which of the following positions will INCREASE the bony contact between the femur + acetabulum + likely be painful?

-external rotation
-abduction
-flexion
-extension

Answer 3

flexion

Question 4

which of the following movements of the femur relative to a fixed tibia happens when the knee goes from extension into flexion in the closed chain

-posterior rolling, anterior sliding
-posterior rolling, posterior sliding
-anterior rolling, anterior sliding
-anterior rolling, posterior sliding

Answer 4

posterior rolling, anterior sliding

Question 5

the TFL is considered a hip abductor; however, the muscle can also cause hip flexion. this occurs because some fibers of TFL (+ the direction the muscle pulls when shortening) lie

-posterior to an axis intersecting the sagittal plane
-lateral to an axis intersecting the frontal plane
-medial to an axis intersecting the frontal plane
-anterior to an axis intersecting the sagittal plane

Answer 5

anterior to an axis intersecting the sagittal plane

Question 6

anterversion is the position that someone with increased antetorsion of the femur will assume. you may suspect that your patient is anteverted when you see which of the following during your observation?

-in toeing or the patellae pointing toward each other
-out toeing or the patellae pointing away from each other
-abducted lower extremities during walking
-this can only be identified with x-ray

Answer 6

in toeing or the patellae pointing toward each other

Question 7

the hamstrings lose the capacity to generate force in which combination of positions (think length-tension relationship)

-hip extension, knee extension
-hip flexion, knee flexion
-hip extension, knee flexion
-the hamstrings cannot become actively insufficient

Answer 7

hip extension, knee flexion

Question 8

a force causing VALGUS at the knee would be directed in which direction?

-lateral to medial side of the knee
-from medial to lateral side of the knee
-anterior to posterior
-posterior to anterior

Answer 8

lateral to medial side of the knee

Question 9

compressive force between the patella + femur is high when doing closed chain activities. this is offset by which of the following factors?

-contraction of the iliotibial band
-force is greatest in open chain activities
-increased Q angle causing lateral force on the patella
-increased patella contact area with the femoral condyles

Answer 9

increased patella contact area with the femoral condyles