lymphatic system

Question 1

how does lymph travel

Answer 1

arterial blood–>capillaries—>lymphatic capillaries–>vessels–>nodules (follicles)–>lymphatic trunks and then duct–>venous system

Question 2

what portion of blood travels through lymph

Answer 2

15% of interstitial fluids (capillaries) is picked up by the vessels and eventually returned to sinuses, the rest goes directly into venules

Question 3

functions of lymphatic system

Answer 3

• picks up debris and waste
• LDL transport from GI (picked up by lymphatic capillaries)
• directly involved in immune function

Question 4

which is the last part of the lymphatic system before fluid is drained back into venous circulation

Answer 4

lymphatic trunk

Question 5

lymphatic nodules

Answer 5

• aggregates of cells with connective tissue capsule surrounding it
• 1mm-2cm, formed in groups that accompany major veins of the body (and are so named)
• lymph enters afferent vessels on convex side and flows b/t sinuses, where it is exposed to immune response if needed
• lymph exits through efferent vessels at the hilum

Question 6

where is the thymus located

+function

Answer 6

anterior and superior medistina but is replaced by CT after puberty
site of T cell maturation
two lobes

Question 7

where is the spleen located

Answer 7

L hypochondriac region

Question 8

what passes through hilum of spleen?

Answer 8

• autonomic nerve fibers, splenic artery, splenic vein, and efferent lymph
• on medial surface (related to L. kidney and stomach)

Question 9

lateral surface of spleen

Answer 9

• directly contacts diaphragm
• has superior and inferior borders
• behind rib 10
• filters old and damaged RBCs (which live 120 days)

Question 10

which organs can take over for the spleen if removed?

Answer 10

liver and red bone marrow

Question 11

how many tonsils do we have?

Answer 11

5-pharygeal (becomes CT after childhood), palatine and lingual pairs
-partially encapsulated

Question 12

function of tonsils

Answer 12

produce antibodies and contain B lymphocytes

Question 13

where do lymphatic trunks drain?

Answer 13

most into thoracic duct–>junction of L internal jugular and L subclavian veins

Question 14

from where does the thoracic duct originate/

Answer 14

cisterna chyli in front of LI and LII vertebrae

-cisterna chyli receive lymph from intestinal and lumbar trunks

Question 15

where does lymph drain into

Answer 15

• right side head and neck/upper limb goes to r lymphatic duct
• GI, lower limbs, thorax, and L side of body goes to thoracic duct