M2 Monosaccharides

Question 1

What are the functions of glucose?

Answer 1

• Energy source
• Soluble
• Main form in which carbohydrates are transported around the body

Question 2

What is the chemical formula of glucose?

Answer 2

C6H12O6

Question 3

What are the 2 structural isomers of glucose?

Answer 3

• Alpha Glucose
• Beta Glucose

Question 4

Draw the structure of Alpha Glucose

Answer 4

Drawn Correctly.

Question 5

Draw the structure of Beta Glucose

Answer 5

Drawn Correctly.

Question 6

Define a pyranose ring.

Answer 6

A six-membered ring containing five carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.

Question 7

What is the chemical formula for galactose?

Answer 7

C6H12O6

Question 8

Describe the features of galactose.

Answer 8

• Isomer of glucose
• Not as soluble as glucose
• Important in the production of glycolipids and glycoproteins

Question 9

What is the general formula for monosaccharides?

Answer 9

Cn(H2O)n

Question 10

What are the 3 toes of monosaccharides? Chemical formula and example/s needed.

Answer 10

Triose Sugars - 3 carbons
C3H6O3
Glyceraldehyde

Pentose Sugars - 5 carbons
C5H10O5
Occur in rings, e.g. ribose & deoxyribose

Hexose Sugars - 6 carbons
C6H12O6
Occur in rings, e.g. glucose, fructose, galactose

Question 11

Draw the structure of Ribose.

Answer 11

Drawn correctly.