M2.5. Genetic Code

Question 1

The ____ in a mRNA determines the amino acid sequence for the protein synthesized.

Answer 1

base sequence

Question 2

4 different bases involve in the base sequence of a mRNA molecule:

Answer 2

A
C
G
U

Question 3

A three-nucleotide sequence in an mRNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid

Based on all possible combination of bases A, G, C, U” there are ____ possible codes

Answer 3

Codon

64

Question 4

1. The assignment of the 64 mRNA codons to specific amino acids
2. 3 of the 64 codons are?

Answer 4

1. Genetic code
2. termination codons/ “stop” signals

Question 5

is highly degenerate

Answer 5

genetic code

Question 6

True or False?

Many amino acids are designated by more than one codon.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

represented by six codons

Answer 7

Arginine
Leucine
Serine

Most other amino acids - represented by two codons

Question 8

have only a single codon

Answer 8

Methionine
Tryptophan

Question 9

Codons that specify the same amino acid are called

Answer 9

synonyms

Question 10

“single box” pattern

Answer 10

first two bases are the same

Question 11

True or False?

During protein synthesis amino acids DIRECTLY INTERACT with the codons of an mRNA molecule

Answer 11

FALSE
During protein synthesis amino acids DO NOT DIRECTLY INTERACT with the codons of an mRNA molecule.

Question 12

• acts as INTERMEDIARIES.
• it delivers amino acids to mRNA.

Answer 12

tRNA

Question 13

Two important features of the tRNA structure:
1. The ____ of tRNA is where an amino acid is covalently bonded to the tRNA.
2. The ____ to the open end of tRNA is the site for a sequence of three bases called an anticodon.

Answer 13

1. 3’ end
2. loop opposite

Question 14

a three-nucleotide sequence on a tRNA molecule that is complementary to a codon on an mRNA molecule.

Answer 14

Anticodon