Macrophytes

Question 1

Phylogenetic classifications:

Answer 1

Charophyta (macroalgae)
Bryophyta (mosses and liverworts)
Angiosperms (flowering plants)

Question 2

Functional classifications

X5

Answer 2

Submerged rooted
Submerged unrooted 
Floating unattached 
Floating attached 
Emergent

Question 3

Lotic macrophyte adaptations

X3

Answer 3

Tough & flexible stems and leaves - prevents currents from dislodging them
Attachment by roots, rhizomes or stolons
Vegetative reproduction is typical

Question 4

Stolon

Def.

Answer 4

Modified horizontal stalk at or above the sediments

Question 5

Rhizome

Def.

Answer 5

Modified horizontal or vertical stalk below the sediment surface