Manchester Data Interpretation

Question 1

Normal Hb for males and females

Answer 1

Males 135-180 g/l

Females 115-160 g/l

Question 2

What is thalassaemia?

Answer 2

Any group of hereditatory haemolytic diseases caused by faulty Hb

Question 3

Normocytic, microcytic and macrocytic anaemias?

Answer 3

• Normal MCV (Normocytic)
– Acute blood loss
– Anaemia of chronic disease

• Low MCV (microcytic)
– Iron deficiency
– Thalassaemia

• High MCV (Macrocytic)
– B12 or folate deficiency

Normal MCV = 76-96fl

Question 4

Causes of hyperkalaemia?

Answer 4

1. Increases uptake
   - Food
   - Blood transfusion
2. Compartmental shift
   - Trauma
   - Burns
   - Acidosis (as renal HCO3 excretion is heightened)
3. Decreased excretion
   - Acute / chronic renal failure
   - Adrenocortical insufficiency (e.g. Addison’s disease)
4. Medications
   E.g. K+ sparing diuretics, digoxin

Question 5

Causes of hypokalaemia?

Answer 5

Decrease intake

• Malnutrition
• Iatrogenic during IV fluids

Renal losses

• Renal tubular acidosis
• Hyperaldosteronism (Conn’s syndrome)

GI losses

• Diarrhoea
• Vomitting

Intercompartmental shifts

• Alkalosis (as renal HCO3 excretion is impaired)
• Insulin

Medications

• Diuretics
• B2 agonists

Question 6

Raised urea and creatine?

Answer 6

Sign of renal failure

Question 7

Raised urea, with normal Cr?

Answer 7

Dehydration
GI Haemorrhage
High protein diet

Question 8

When have O2 delivered, what is the expected PO2?

Answer 8

% O2 -10

Question 9

What is CURB-65

Answer 9

Confusion
Urea (over 7.0)
RR (30 or over)
BP (lower than 90/60)
Age 65 +

Estimates mortality of community-acquired pneumonia to help determine inpatient vs. outpatient treatment.