TFTs

Question 1

Hyperthyroidism signs

Answer 1

Nervousness, heat intolerance, diarrohea, muscle weakness, and loss of weight and appetite
Fine hair, exophthalmos, tremor

Question 2

Hypothyroidism

Answer 2

Cold intolerance, constipation, fatigue, and weight gain, which, in children, is primarily caused by the accumulation of myxedematous fluid.
Loss of lateral eyebrows
Periorbital oedema and puffy face

Question 3

Tests options for thyroid?

Answer 3

TFTs: TSH levels

Antithyroid antibodies: Diagnoses chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto thyroiditis)

FBC: Abscess diagnoses?

Fine needle aspirate

Question 4

Imaging studies for the thyroid?

Answer 4

• Ultrasonography - To determine whether the nodule is cystic, solid, or mixed
• Radioiodine scintigraphy - To determine whether the nodule is cold, warm, or hot.
• Chest radiography - If malignancy is suspected, given the high incidence of early metastases to the lungs
• Computed tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - To analyze the extent of disease by scanning the neck and chest

Question 5

Benign neoplasm of thyroid

Answer 5

Follicular adenoma

Question 6

Malignant neoplasms of the thyroid?

Answer 6

Primary: Papillary, follicular, anaplastic, medullary, lymphoma

Metastatic: Lymphoma

Question 7

What are the thyroid function tests?

Answer 7

TSH
FT4 (Free thyroxine)
FT3 (Free tri-iodothyronine)

Question 8

TSH released from ..

Answer 8

Anterior lobe of pituitary

Question 9

Which thyroid antibodies are tested?

Answer 9

Thyroid peroxidase antibodies

Thyroglobulin antibodies

TSH receptor antibodies