Manipulating the Genome

Question 1

What are 2 tools used to cut out a gene from one organism and insert it into another?

Answer 1

• plasmid and rectristion enzyeme

Question 2

restrcition enezyme

Answer 2

• chemical scissors that cut DNA at a specific site
• cuts and finds complementary bases

Question 3

sticky ends

Answer 3

• short set of exposed compentary bases
• occurs at the end of cut DNA
• same restriction enzyme will create same sticy end

Question 4

recombaintment DNA

Answer 4

• a fragment of DNA made by combining nucleotide sequences
• these sequences are normally not present together in nature

Question 5

how does recombinant DNA work

Answer 5

• if exposed to same restriction enzyme they will have same sticky end
• pieces fo DNA from organism can be joined through sticky end
• technqiue used to tranfer a gene of interest from 1 organism to another

Question 6

gene transplant from fish to bacteria

Answer 6

1. a gene from fish is chosen and removed, the gene is cut of the chromosome using restriction enzyme
2. same restriction enzyme must cut plasmid
3. dna of cod is inserted into cut of plasmid
4. dna is joined by other enzyme
5. dna enters bacteria cell culture
6. bacteria eneter plant enviorment and gene eneters plant gnemome
7. a new plant is repdcoued with gene

Question 7

genetic enginerring

Answer 7

• spider silk and BT corn
• uses combiant and restrcition enzymes

Question 8

spider silk

Answer 8

• scientists was to make artificial fibers like spider silk (strong)
• 5x strong than steel, waterproof, stretchable
• study structure of spider silk to reproduce biomaterials

Question 9

spider silk and recombiant DNA

Answer 9

• gene of spider silk in spider cells are isolated and inserted into goat genome
• will create goat that produce spider silk protein in milk
• purified to create parachute, space, tennis rackets, airbags

Question 10

how does recombiant dna impact food

Answer 10

• less suspectable to rotting
• enhances nurtional value
• makes crops resistent to preseides and hericidies

Question 11

bacillus thurigines (BT)

Answer 11

• a bacteria in soil is a natural pesiside (crystal protein)
• letal to insects and larve (harmless to humans)

Question 12

how does BT corn work

Answer 12

• using remcibant DNA, genes for crystal proteins are inserted into corn
• able to produce its own pesticide against pesticide
• genetically modified food

Question 13

BT pros

Answer 13

• reduces # of pesticides
• less runoff of residues in water
• cost of produces decreases

Question 14

BT cons

Answer 14

• protein may cause allergic reaction
• genetic diversity of corn will decrease
• it could get cut into wildlife plants

Question 15

recombinant DNA benefits

Answer 15

• create organisms that have desirbale features