Marxism

Question 1

define marxism

Answer 1

a SOCIAL, POLITICAL and ECONOMIC theory based off of COMMUNISM. It’s a CONFLICT THEORY between the bourgeoisie and proletariats

Question 2

who founded marxism?

Answer 2

Karl Marx

Question 3

what are the main ideas of Marxism?

Answer 3

-marxists claim that all HUMAN action and BEHAVIOUR can be explained by one thing: the ECONOMIC SYSTEM that’s exists in society
-all institutions are made to BENEFIT CAPITALISM

Question 4

what are communist beliefs?

Answer 4

-driven by desire to make poeple EQUAL
-all WEALTH should be SHARED
-eveything BELONGS to the STATE
-they want a CLASSLESS SOCIETY
-we shouldn’t PROFIT from other peoples LABOUR
-PROFIT should go to GOVERNMENT and SHARED EVENLY
-LIVING standards are LOWER
-they believe there will eventually be a COMMUNIST UPRISING
- NO GAP between RICH and POOR

Question 5

what are capitalist beliefs?

Answer 5

-driven by GREED and PROFIT
-people want to be RICH and POWERFUL at the expense of others
-industry should be COMPETITIVE with PRIVATE OWNERS
-LIVING standards HIGHER
-distinct GAP between RICH and POOR

Question 6

who are the bourgeoisie?

Answer 6

people who have money and are upper class. they are also capitalists

Question 7

who are proletariats?

Answer 7

people who don’t have money and are lower class. they are also workers

Question 8

define relations of production?

Answer 8

the bourgeoisie and proletariats need each other. the bourgeoisie need the proletariats for labour and the proletariats need the bourgeoisie to earn money

Question 9

what is the base-superstructure?

Answer 9

base: the economy, like th foundation of a building
superstructure: all other parts of society (culture, education)
- all institutions are shaped by the base (the economy with shape societies institutions)

Question 10

what are the criticisms towards marxism?

Answer 10

-it’s not all about money (what about religion, culture)
-structuralist theory (ignore free will)
-gender and race blind (only recognises class)
-conflict theory (too negative)

Question 11

define mean of production

Answer 11

the land, factories, machines, science and technology, and labour power required to produce goods