Med-surg

Question 1

What type of IV fluid is this?

• Indication: Tmnt of vascular system fluid deficit
• Characteristics: Concentrstion equal to plasma. Prevent fluid shift between comartments
• Solutions: NS, LR, D5W

Answer 1

Isotonic

Question 2

What type of IV fluid is this?

• Indication: Tmnt of intracellular dehydration
• Characteristics: Lower osmolality than ECF. Shifts fluid from ECF to ICF
• Solutions: 1/2 NS, 1/2D5 W/ 1/2 NS

Answer 2

Hypotonic

Question 3

What type of IV fluid is this?

• Indication: Only used when serum osmolality is critically low.
• Characteristics: Osmolality is higher than ECF. Shifts fluid from ECF to ICF.
• Solutions: D10W, D50W, D5NS, D51/2NS, D5LR

Answer 3

Hypertonic

Question 4

The following are examples of what type of solution?

• NS
• LR
• D5W

Answer 4

Isotonic

Question 5

The following are examples of what type of solution?

• 1/2 NS
• D1/2 W/ 1/2 NS

Answer 5

Hypotonic

Question 6

The following are examples of what type of solution?

• D10W
• D50W
• D5NS
• D5 1/2 NS
• D5LR

Answer 6

Hypertonic

Question 7

Recommended OP per hr

Answer 7

0.5 kg/mL/hr

Question 8

All of the following are risk factors for what?

• diarrhea
• fever
• hypoxia
• starvation
• seizure
• OD of salicylates or ethanol
• Renal failure DKA Dehydration

Answer 8

Metabolic acidosis

Question 9

All of the following are risk factors for what?

• Ingestion of antacids
• GI Suction
• Hypokalemia
• TPN
• Blood amin
• Prolonged vomiting

Answer 9

Metabolic Acidosis

Question 10

All of the following are risk factors for what?

• Respiratpry depression
• Airway obstruction
• Pneumothorax inadequate ventilation

Answer 10

Respiratory Acidosis

Question 11

All of the following are risk factors for what?

• Hyperventilation
• Hypoxemia
• Altitude sickness
• Asphixiation
• Asthma
• PNA

Answer 11

Respiratory Alkalosis

Question 12

All of the following are S/S of what?

• Bradycardia
• Weak pulses
• Tachypnea
• hypotension
• Flacid paralysis
• Confusion
• Hyporeflexia
• Lethargy
• Warm, flushed, dry skin
• Kussmaul respirations

Answer 12

Metabolic acidosis

Question 13

All of the following are S/S of what?

• Dizziness
• Parenthesia
• Hypertonic muscles
• Decreased Respirations

Answer 13

Metabolic Alkalosis

Question 14

All of the following are S/S of what?

• Dizziness
• Palpitations
• Muscle twitching
• Convulsions

Answer 14

Respiratory Acidosis

Question 15

All of the following are S/S of what?

• Tachypnea
• Anxiety
• Tetany
• Parenthesia
• Palpitations
• Chest pain

Answer 15

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 16

Nursing interventions for Metabolic acidosis

Answer 16

• Treat underlying cause
• Admin F&E

Question 17

Nursing interventions for Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 17

• Treat underlying cause
• Admin F&E

Question 18

Nursing interventions for respiratory acidosis

Answer 18

• Maintain patent airway
• Reversal agent for narcotics
• Regulation ventilation therapy
• Bronchodialators
• Mucolytics

Question 20

Nursing interventions for Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 20

• Regulate O2 Therapy
• Reduce anxiety
• Rebreathing technique

Question 21

All of the following indicate what?

• Tachycardia
• Tachypnea
• Restlessness
• Pale skin mucous membranes
• Elevated BP
• Use of acessory muscles
• Nasal flaring
• adventitious lung sounds

Answer 21

Early Hypoxia

Question 22

All of the following indicate what?

• Bradypnea
• Bradycardia
• Confusion
• Stupor
• Cyanoic skin & mucous membranes
• Hypotension
• Cardiac dysrhythmias

Answer 22

Late Hypoxia

Question 23

What could a low pressure alarm on a ventilator indicate?

Answer 23

• Need for suctioning
• Tube disconnetion
• Cuff leak
• Tube dislodgement

Question 25

What could a high pressure alarm on a ventilator indicate?

Answer 25

* Need for suctioning * Kinking of tube * pulmonary edema * pt coughing or biting the tube

Question 26

What does an apnea alarm indicate on a ventilator?

Answer 26

No spontaneous breathing within a preset time period

Question 27

Diet for a patient with cirrhosis

Answer 27

* High calorie * Low protein * Low fat * Low Na * Limited fluid intake

Question 28

# What type of HIV is this? Transmission: * Fecal-oral * Person to person * Food/water * Contamination Manifestations: * MIld flu like syptoms * Advanced S/S in old age & chronic disease Prevention: * Handwashing * Vaccine for 2 and up; 2 doses 6 - 18 months apart

Answer 28

Hep A

Question 29

# What type of HIV is this? Transmission: * Unprotected sex * Sharing needles * Needle sticks Manifestations: * Could be asymptomatic * RUQ pain * Anorexia * N/V * Fatigue * Febrile * Dark Urine * Light colored stool * Jaundice Prevention: * Vaccines ofr infants and high risk populations; 3 doses over a 6 month period

Answer 29

Hep B

Question 30

# What type of HIV is this? Transmission: * Blood to blood * IV drug sharing * Unprotected sex Manifestations: * Most are asymptomatic * dx w/ blood test * chronic inflammation progresses to cirrhosis Prevention: * Avoid High risk behaviors

Answer 30

Hep C

Question 31

Tmnt for Hep A

Answer 31

* Symptom specific * May have change in medication regimen to rest liver

Question 32

Tmnt for Hep B & C

Answer 32

* Antiviral drugs * Admin peginterferon alfa 2B * Monitor Kidney function

Question 33

* Sharp RUQ, epigastric, or shoulder pain * N/V after digestion of high-fat foods * Positive Murphys sign * Dark urine * Clay colored stool

Answer 33

Galbladder disesae | Cholecystitis, Cholelithiasis