Medical

Question 1

Describe HYPOthermia

Answer 1

the lowering of the bodys core temperature to a level where normal brain and body function are impaired

Question 2

What are the signs someone is suffering from Hypothermia

Answer 2

• They will have the fumbles, mumbles, and tumbles
• uncontrolled shivering
• increase heart rate

Question 3

What is normal body temp, and at what core temp will impairment begin

Answer 3

98.6 is normal, and 97 deg impairment begins

Question 4

How do you avoid hypothermia

Answer 4

carry and use rain gear - stay DRY
avoid cotton fabrics
stay well hydrated
snack often

Question 5

How to treat a patient with hypothermia

Answer 5

-remove from exposure
-create or seek shelter
-get patient out of wet clothing and into dry clothing
-utilize heat backs
-boil water and place in water bottles and pack around
patients crotch, neck and armpits
-insulate and package in “burrito wrap”

Question 6

Describe the burrito wrap for warming up patients

Answer 6

-first lay out a waterproof - windproof outer layer
-add lots of insulation - ensolite pad, sleeping bag etc
-place patient inside. place water bottles/heating pads
in with patient
-place medical monitoring equipment in
-double insulate foot area and head
-wrap securely with webbing or rope

Question 7

What is frostbite?

Answer 7

It is a localized cooling and /or freezing of tissue caused by the shunting of blood away from the cold areas of the body

Question 8

describe superficial frostbite

Answer 8

1st deg “frostnip” numb,soft,cold,pallor

2nd degree - numb,soft,cold,pallor,pain on thawing, and formation of clear fluid filled or blood filled bleb

Question 9

describe deep frostbite

Answer 9

3rd degree - numb,cold,white and rock hard. Massive blebs form when thawed, extreme pain during thawing

Question 10

how do you treat superficial frostbite

Answer 10

• field warm using skin to skin contact
• never massage, rub, or use an extreme heat source
• if bleb forms, protect patient and evacuate
• beware of re-freezing - will cause greater damage

Question 11

How do you treat Deep Frostbite

Answer 11

• protect area and evacuate

- DO NOT field re-warm

Question 12

What is heat exhaustion?

Answer 12

• a medical condition cause by elevated body temperatures

- circulation to the brain and vital organs become inadequate

Question 13

What are the three major heat related illnesses

Answer 13

In order fro mild to severe

• heat cramps
• heat exhaustion
• heat stroke

Question 14

what are some signs/symptoms of heat exhaustion

Answer 14

• headache
• cool and clammy skin
• dizziness
• fatigue
• nausea
• thirst
• rapid pulse and respiratory rate

Question 15

What is heatstroke?

Answer 15

heatstroke happens when the bodys core temp rises to approximately 105deg or higher

Question 16

What are the signs and symptoms of heat stroke

Answer 16

-most reliable symptom is an altered mental state: irritability, combativeness, delusions, incoherent speech
-Rapid Pulse and respiratory rate
-headache
-weakness
-flushed, hot skin
-seizures
loss of coordination

Question 17

How do you treat heat exhaustion

Answer 17

• find cool shady area
• rest with feet up
• remove excess clothing
• drink lots of fluid with electrolytes
• apply water on head and skin and clothing can promote cooling via evaporative cooling

Question 18

How do you treat heat exhaustion

Answer 18

• move patient to shade ASAP
• cool patients head ad body by packing in ice or splashing water and fanning vigorously to promote evaporative cooling
• remove excess clothing
• if possible, place ice packs at the patient neck, groin, and armpits