what are the three main sections of the multi store memory model
sensory register
Short term memory stores
Long term memory stores
what is the role of the sensory register
this is where iconic and econic stores with very brief duration, high capacity and are transferred by attention
describe the STM store in the MSM model
- limited capacity
- limited duration store
- mainly acoustic coding
- transfer to LTM by rehearsal
Describe the LTM store in the MSM model
- unlimited capacity and duration
- permanent store
- created through maintenance rehearsal
what is coding
- the format in which information is stored in
what did baddelys research suggest and give an evaluation point
that acoustic memory occurs in the STM and semantic in the LTM
Evaluation point- lack of extrenal validity as word list had no personal significance
what is capacity and who’s research supports it
- AMOUNT OF INFORMATION THAT CAN BE HELD
- Jacobs research states that 9.3 digit could be remembered whilst 7.3 letters.
what did millers research suggests
- he states that putting items together extends the STM capacity
- evaluation: lacking validity as not so many chunks
what is duration and whos study supports this
how long the memory is stored for.
STM- peterson and patterson suggest in the STM its 18 seconds
what did bahricks study suggest with an evaluation point
- recognition of faces after 15 year was 90%; recall was 60%
- recognition dropped to 70% after 40 years.
Evaluation- higher external validity real life memories
what are the 4 key parts of the working memory model
- central executive- co-ordinates slave systems and allocates resource- limited storage
- Phonological loop- auditory information, required maintenance rehearsal
- visuo spatail sketchpad- visual information with visual store and spatial arrangement
- episodic buffer- intergrates the process of slave systems and records order of events
name the 4 parts of the cognitive interview technique
- report everything
- reinstate the context
- reverse the order
- change the perspective
it adds social dynamics by establishing eye contacts etc
name 2 evaluation points of the cognitive interview technique
- time consuming
- requires specialist training
- some elements more valuable than others
who’s research suggests that anxiety has a negative affect on recall
- johnson on scott- high anxiety knife condition leads to less good recall, tunnel theory of memory, focused on the weapon so miss other details
who’s research argues that anxiety has a positive effect on recall
Yuile and Cutshall- high anxiety associated with better recall witnessing real crime. very engaged due to anxiousness
describe the 2 types of interference
proactive- old memories disrupt new ones
retroactive- new memories that disrupt old ones
what does Mcgoech and Macdonald theory states
similar words created more interference
why do leading questions affect Eye witness testimony
- response bias- no change to memory
- gabbert et al demonstrated effect calling it memory conformity where NSI is in invloved
