Mental Illness

Question 1

Criteria for Abnormal Behavior

Answer 1

Deviant (socially unacceptable), maladaptive behavior (impairs everyday functioning) and personal distress (individual is suffering)

Question 2

the medical model

Answer 2

treats psychological illness as a disease, allows for the use of terms of
diagnosis, etiology, prognosis (future causes) and prevalence

Question 3

etiology for anxiety disorders

Answer 3

genetic predisposition towards anxiety problems. could be prone to developing based on genetics.

Question 4

neurotransmitters involved in anxiety disorders

Answer 4

lowered levels of serotonin and GABA

Question 5

Schizophrenia/psychotic disorders

Answer 5

affects 1-2% of the population worldwide, often confused with DID and bipolar. sets in late/early adulthood. means split mind. major characteristics are interruption in thought processing

Question 6

positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 6

behavioral excesses: hallucinations, delusions (beliefs), catatonic symptoms (irregularities of motor movement)

Question 7

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 7

behavioral defecits/things missing: distrubed affect (emotions), disorganzied thought, speech, loss of touch with reality

Question 8

subtypes of schizophrenia

Answer 8

paranoid type, catatonic type, disorganized type, undifferentiated type

Question 9

paranoid type of schizophrenia

Answer 9

mostly positive symptoms

Question 10

catatonic type of schizophrenia

Answer 10

catatonic symptoms

Question 11

disorganized type of schizophrenia

Answer 11

mostly negative symptoms

Question 12

undifferentiated type of schizophrenia

Answer 12

characteristics of all

Question 13

etiology of schizophrenia

Answer 13

a highly genetic disorder; individuals have a genetic predisposition to develop it. excessive dopamine leads to extra thoughts movements and sensations, and often causes enlarged brain ventricles and a consistent loss of brain matter

Question 14

dissociative disorders/identity disorders

Answer 14

people lose aspects of consciousness or memory, disrupting their identity

Question 15

dissociative amnesia

Answer 15

loss of memory not due to normal forgetting, associated with trauma and abuse sometimes

Question 16

fuge

Answer 16

loss of lifetime of memories as well as personal identity

Question 17

dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality)

Answer 17

existence of two or more personalities in one person (DID)

Question 18

etiology of identity dissociative disorders

Answer 18

amnesia, fugue, and DID seem to be stress-caused and more prevalent to fantasy prone personality

Question 19

Somatiform disorders (aka psycho-somatic)

Answer 19

any physical ailment with no organic basis; a history of physical complaints. Real symptoms, but nothing is wrong. Illness source is psychological but the subject is experiencing real symptoms

Question 20

Conversion disorder

Answer 20

loss of physical functioning in a major part/system of the body. Commonly is loss of vision, partial paralysis, mutism, or loss of functioning limbs

Question 21

hypochondriasis

Answer 21

irrational belief of having a disease or sickness and preoccupation with illness

Question 22

etiology of somatiform disorders

Answer 22

personality factors: individual tends to score high in neroticism, histrionic personality characteristics, often result from insecure attachment.

Question 23

personality disorders

Answer 23

characterized by very rigid and inflexible personality traits that cause significant social and occupational problems

Question 24

3 clusters of personality disorders

Answer 24

anxious/fearful, odd/eccentric, and dramatic/impulsive

Question 25

anxious/fearful cluster of personality disorders

Answer 25

avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive

Question 26

odd/eccentric cluster

Answer 26

paranoid, schizoid (avoid close relationships, isolated), schizotypal

Question 27

dramatic/impulsive cluster

Answer 27

divided into narcissistic, antisocial personality, histrionic, borderline

Question 28

narcissistic

Answer 28

completely self absorbed, little regard for others, over importance for one's self and importance (affects mostly males)

Question 29

antisocial personality

Answer 29

completely guiltless, no conscious or sense of right/wrong, routinely in trouble with the law (commonly violent males, called sociopaths/psychopaths)

Question 30

histrionic

Answer 30

moody, attention seeking, theatrical and overly dramatic. affects mostly females

Question 31

borderline

Answer 31

unstable in personal relationships, impulsive, fear of being alone, unpredictable. (often suicidal, will threaten to self-harm if left, severe abandonment issues)

Question 32

anorexia

Answer 32

intense fear of gaining weight. taking dangerous measures to lose weight. deadliest mental illness, but not the most common