Biology > Microscope > Flashcards

Microscope Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Important parameter of microscpe

A

1.Magnification
2.Resolution
3.Contrast

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2
Q

Magnification

A

Observed size/actual size

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3
Q

Light microscope can magnify about ________ the actual size of the specimen

A

1000 times

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4
Q

Resolution

A

Measure of clarity of the image

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5
Q

Contrast

A

Difference between light and dark areas of the image

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6
Q

How to enhance contrast?

A

Staining or labelling the cell components

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7
Q

Light microscope (LM) uses

A

light

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8
Q

Electron microscope (EM) uses

A

Beam of electrons

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9
Q

Resolution is inversely proportional to ______.

A

Wavelength of light (or electron)

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10
Q

Which have shorter wavelength & can produce better resolution?

A

Shorter wavelength-Electron beams
EM can produce better resolution images.

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11
Q

SEM

A

Scanning electron microscope
Used to study the surface of the specimen

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12
Q

TEM

A

Transmission electron microscope
Used to study the internal surface of cells
Aims for very thin section of specimen

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13
Q

Lenses used in LM,SEM,TEM

A

LM-glass lenses
SEM,TEM-electromagnets

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14
Q

Adv of LM

A

Can study living cells

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15
Q

Disadvantage of TEM

A

Staining can kill the cells (EM cannot study living cells)

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16
Q

______ is used to study the living ,unpigmented cells

A

Phase-contrast (type of LM)

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17
Q

Image of EM are

A

Black & white
Often artifically colorized

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18
Q

Size of most plant cells

A

100um

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19
Q

Size of most animal cells

A

10-50um

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20
Q

Size of prokaryotic cells (Bacteria)

A

1um-5um

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21
Q

Limit of resolution of light microscope

A

200nm (0.2 micrometer)

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22
Q

TEM can see the image of

A

Cell organelles in 2D

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23
Q

SEM can see the image of

A

Cell surface in 3D

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24
Q

Organelles

A

1-10um

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25
Size of virus
100nm
26
Size of plamsa membrane
7.5nm
27
Size of molecules
1nm
28
Size of atom
100pm
29
Cell size (largest to smallest)
DNA>cell membrane>ribosome>virus>lysosome>E.coli>Golgi>ER>Mitochondria>Most bacteria>centriole>chloroplast>nucleus>RBC>Egg>sperm
30
Total magnification of microscope
Eye piece x obj leneses 10x X 40x=400x
31
Light microscope use _____ as source of radiation
light
32
Electron microscope use ____ as source of radiation
electrons
33
Image obtained by electron microscope are true-colour. True or false?
false they’re false-colour (stainလုပ်ထားတဲ့အပိုင်းတွေကပိုdarkဖြစ်)
34
Only _____ material is examined by electron microscope.
dead
35
Why electron microscope have better resolution?
b/c electrons has very short wavelength
36
Specimen for light microscope and electron microscope
L-living, nonliving or dead E-nonliving or dead
37
Stains used for light microscope and electron microscope
L-colored dyes E-heavy metals
38
Images of light microscope and electron microscope
L-colored E-B & W
39
SEM shows ______
3D image of surface of specimen
40
TEM shows______
internal structure of the cell
41
What is cell fractionation?
separation of cell’s major organelles and other sub-cellular structures is carried out by CENTRIFUGE
42
Which type of microscope is used to study 1)internal structure of plant cells and 2)fluorescently labeled nervous tissue?
1)Transmission electron microscope 2)Light microscope
43
Size of smallest bacteria, typical bacteria and eukaryotic cells
Smallest bacteria: 0.1-1 micrometers Typical bacteria: 1-5 micrometers Eukaryotic cells: 10-100 micrometers
44
Which is bigger animal cells or plant cells
Plant cells- 10 to 100 micrometer Animal cells- 5 to 30 micrometer
45
Cell size prokaryotic and eukaryotic which is bigger
Eukaryotic cells
46
From the largest to lowest Nucleus mitochondria chloroplast Golgi ER lysosome virus E coli plasma membrane ribosomes egg sperm RBC
Egg——> sperm——>RBC——>nucleus——>chloroplasts—— >mitochondria ——>ER——>Golgi——>Ecoli——> lysosome—>virus ——>ribosomes——> plasma membrane———> width of DNA molecules Mitochondria’s size is 1 to 5 Micrometer Some bacteria are larger than mitochondria
47
Do light microscopes and electron microscope kill cells?
Yes. Light microscope- stains kill cells Electron microscope-kill cells too
48
Extent in which light microscope can view and its magnification?
0.2 micrometer or 200 nanometer and its magnification 1000 times actual size
49
What kinds of lens both light and electron microscopes use?
LM-Glass EM-Electromagnets lens
50
The image under microscope is———
Inverted. Left——> right Right——>left
51
What is resolving power
The ability to see two separate points clearly
52
Smallest bacteria named mycoplasma size and largest bacteria size
Smallest- 0.1 to 1 micrometer Largest - 1 micrometer Some bacteria are larger than mitochondria Some are smaller v]
53
Light microscope use _____ as source of radiation
light
54
Electron microscope use ____ as source of radiation
electrons
55
Image obtained by electron microscope are true-colour. True or false?
false they’re false-colour (stainလုပ်ထားတဲ့အပိုင်းတွေကပိုdarkဖြစ်)
56
Why electron microscope have better resolution?
b/c electrons has very short wavelength
57
Source of radiation for light microscope and electron microscope
L- light E- electron
58
Lenses that used in light microscope and electron microscope
L-glass E-electromagnets
59
Specimen for light microscope and electron microscope
L-living, nonliving or dead E-nonliving or dead
60
Stains used for light microscope and electron microscope
L-colored dyes E-heavy metals
61
Images of light microscope and electron microscope
L-colored E-B & W
62
SEM shows ______
3D image of surface of specimen
63
TEM shows______
internal structure of the cell
64
What is cell fractionation?
separation of cell’s major organelles and other sub-cellular structures is carried out by CENTRIFUGE
65
Which type of microscope is used to study 1)internal structure of plant cells and 2)fluorescently labeled nervous tissue?
1)Transmission electron microscope 2)Light microscope
66
Do light microscopes and electron microscope kill cells?
Yes. Light microscope- stains kill cells Electron microscope-kill cells too
67
Extent in which light microscope can view and its magnification?
0.2 micrometer or 200 nanometer and its magnification 1000 times actual size
68
What kinds of lens both light and electron microscopes use?
LM-Glass EM-Electromagnets lens
69
The image under microscope is———
Inverted. Left——> right Right——>left
70
What is resolving power
The ability to see two separate points clearly
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