LUCA
Last universal common ancestor, single -celled organisms or including Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
Virus
A non-cellular infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organism using the existing cellular machinary and cause the synthesis of specialized elements( virions, virus particles) whcih can transfer the infection to new cells
Eocyte tree
A phylogenetic model proposing that eukaryotes evolved from within a specific group themrophilic archea known as eocytes. Two-domain hypothesis suggests that eurkaryotes are not seperate primary domain of life but a sister group.
Virion
An extracellular form of a virus contains either an RNA or DNA genome
Ether linkage
Characteristic lipid membrane components of Archaea, providing enhanced structural stability in extreme environments, but are rare or absent in Bacteria and Eukaryotes.
Capsid
The protective outer protein shell of a virus that encloses its genetic material (DNA or RNA) Safeguard’s the viral genome from environmental damage, assists in attachment
Ester linkage
Connect fatty acid chains to a glycerol-3-phosphate backbone within membrane phospholipid. These bonds, which join carboxylic acids and alcohols are characteristic of cell membranes in these two domain
Nucleocapsid
A protien that packages the positive-sense RNA genome of coronaviruses to form ribonucleoprotein structures enclosed within the viral capsid.
Binary fission
The primary method of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes( bacteria and archaea), where a single parent cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.
Envelope
Plasmid
Eclipse phase
Lateral Gene Transfer
Maturation phase
Conjugation
Plaques
Transformation
Lytic
Transduction
Lysogenic
Anaerobes
Mutualism
Aerotolerants
Commensalism
