Midterm

Question 1

Culturally intelligent ppl have…

Answer 1

1. Knowledge to understand
2. Mindfullness to observe and interpret
3. Skills to adapt behavior to be appropriate

Question 2

Characteristics of culture

Answer 2

Shared, learned, enduring, powerful influence on behavior, systematic, organized, largely invisible (iceberg metaphor), can be “tight” or “loose”

Question 3

Convergence theory

Answer 3

Some ppl believe the economic dominance of Western countries pushes other nations into a “global culture” (there is evidence to oppose this)

Question 4

Cultural groups assigned at birth

Answer 4

family of origin, race, local community, geography, gender, religion, sexuality, generation, physical ability, nationality, language

Question 5

Cultural groups you join later in life

Answer 5

educational institutions, professional organizations, social clubs, online communities, political or special interest groups, support groups

Question 6

Myths around cultural identity

Answer 6

1. cultural identity is fixed
2. some ppl don’t have a cultural identity
3. our own cultural identity is mainstream

Question 7

Intercultural competence defintion

Answer 7

One’s effective appropriate engagement w/ cultural differences. Resides within someone and is a product of context

Question 8

Skills for intercultural competence

Answer 8

mindfulness, self awareness, listening skills, empathy, flexibility, tolerance for ambiguity, language proficiency, cognitive complexity

Question 9

True or false: Culture isn’t explicitly taught

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

_____ restrict the identities and characteristics of a group of people to a small handful of homogenous characteristics or attributes

Answer 10

Stereotypes

Question 11

_____ are rigid descriptions of a group
rigid “us” vs “them” distinctions

Answer 11

Stereotypes

Question 12

One way to understand essentialism is that it is a belief that things have a set of characteristics which make them what they are. Essentialism is at the heart of _____

Answer 12

Stereotypes

Question 13

_____ can be the rigid application of cultural _____ to every person in the group

Answer 13

1. Stereotypes 2. Generalizations

Question 14

_____ can be avoided to some extent by using cultural ______ as only tentative hypotheses about how an individual member of a group might behave

Answer 14

1. Stereotypes 2. Generalizations

Question 15

The key to using cultural generalizations without stereotyping is to use them at a ___ level of analysis, seeking to understand ____ behavior as to some extent a manifestation of cultural worldview

Answer 15

1. group 2. individual

Question 16

____ are open, so we can commute from a general social group to a specific individual, ___ hold tight representations of groups

Answer 16

1. categories 2. stereotypes

Question 17

True or false: A cultural generalization may become a stereotype if it is definitively applied to individual members of the group

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

Individual level of analysis refers to characteristics such as:

Answer 18

intelligence, learning style, leadership style

Question 19

Group level of analysis refers to world view characteristics such as:

Answer 19

communication style, nonverbal expression, cultural values

Question 20

Institutional level of analysis refers to characteristics such as:

Answer 20

power relationships, status, and allegiances

Question 21

_____ are observations ab a cultural group based on data taken from a large number or a random sample of individuals

Answer 21

Generalizations

Question 22

empathy between individuals or in small group settings

Answer 22

interpersonal empathy

Question 23

characteristics of interpersonal empathy

Answer 23

1. most popular type of empathy
2. mirroring actions
3. taking perspectives
4. remembering the experience belongs to another

Question 24

empathy that understands ppl and other social groups by perceiving and experiencing their life situations

Answer 24

social empathy

Question 25

characteristics of social empathy

Answer 25

1. need to understand historical context and structural inequalities that have shaped communities 2. can create insight that promotes social change for the better

Question 26

define cycle of empathy

Answer 26

link between empathy and attachment starts at birth, children need a sense of security and safety, when we feel secure it is easier to consider other ppl's feelings

Question 27

5 components of interpersonal empathy

Answer 27

1. affective response 2. self-other awareness 3. emotion regulation 4. affective mentalizing 5. perspective-taking

Question 28

2 additional components of empathy that when combined with the other 5 components make social empathy

Answer 28

1. contextual understanding 2. macro-perspective taking

Question 29

The component of interpersonal empathy, affective response, is related to.....

Answer 29

signals from our 5 senses that trigger a reaction

Question 30

true or false: self-awareness is when we "catch" feelings from other ppl

Answer 30

FALSE

Question 31

true or false: perspective taking isn't asking "what would I do in this situation?" but instead asking "what would I do if I were you?"

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

true or false: emotion regulation means that when we are engaging with others and experience emotions, we take control and adapt our feelings to what is going on around us.

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

in order to engage with social empathy one must...

Answer 33

1. have the desire and the interest to learn about people who are different 2. seek to understand the socio-historical context in which others live

Question 34

Empathy denotes that the observer's emotions reflect feeling ___ the other person, whereas compassion and sympathy reflect feeling ___ the other person

Answer 34

1. with 2. for

Question 35

What does IDC stand for?

Answer 35

Intercultural Development Continuum

Question 36

Part of the IDC that misses differences either from disinterest or avoidance of other cultures

Answer 36

Denial

Question 37

1. part of the IDC that uses broad stereotypes and generalizations 2. Is from a dominant culture or a isolated non-dominant culture

Answer 37

Denial

Question 38

Part of the IDC that judges differences, uses "us vs them" mindset

Answer 38

Polarization

Question 39

____ polarization: my culture is better _____ polarization : other cultures are better

Answer 39

1. defensive 2. reversal

Question 40

Part of the IDC that de-emphasizes differences (transitional mindset)

Answer 40

Minimization

Question 41

part of IDC that highlights commonalities in humans bc of limited cultural self-understanding or as a way to navigate dominant cultures when you're from a non-dominate culture

Answer 41

Minimization

Question 42

part of IDC that deeply comprehends difference, recognizes and appreciates cultural differences, but not fully able to adapt to cultural differences

Answer 42

Acceptance

Question 43

part of IDC that bridges across differences, across diverse communities

Answer 43

Adaptation

Question 44

Part of Adaptation: ____ frame shifting: shifting one's cultural perspective ____ code shifting: changing behavior in authentic and culturally appropriate ways

Answer 44

1. Cognitive 2. Behavioral

Question 45

What are cultural dimensions for?

Answer 45

they are ways of describing the shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape how ppl from diff societies interact.

Question 46

Cultural dimension: the extent to which less powerful members of society accept and expect unequal distribution of power

Answer 46

Power-distance

Question 47

Characteristics of low-context cultures

Answer 47

1. overt and explicit messages that are simple and clear 2. more focus on verbal communication than on body language 3. USA

Question 48

characteristics of high-context cultures

Answer 48

1. much nonverbal communication 2. unwritten rules of culture that are difficult for outsiders to understand 3. China

Question 49

cultural dimension: how comfy a culture is w/ ambiguity, change, and the unknown

Answer 49

uncertainty avoidance

Question 50

characteristics of monochronic time

Answer 50

1. one thing at a time and focus on time management 2. emphasize promptness 3. focus on scheduling 4. Western countries 5. low context cultures

Question 51

characteristics of polychronic time

Answer 51

1. easily distracted and puts relationships first 2. get things done on own time 3. high context 4. focus on the goal and what will be achieved 5. Some Native American cultures

Question 52

characteristics of high power distance

Answer 52

1. accepts hierarchies 2.employees are not asked for input 3. employees expect their employers to make decisions 4. Malaysia/Mexico

Question 53

characteristics of low power distance

Answer 53

1. need for justification of ranks and hierarchies 2. seeks an equal distribution of power 3.employees expect to be asked input 4. Denmark/ New Zealand

Question 54

characteristics of individualist

Answer 54

1. more direct communication 2. competitive behavior 3. independence and personal identity valued. 4. USA/Australia

Question 55

characteristics of collectivist

Answer 55

1. belong to fewer groups but are defined more by their membership in them 2. avoid conflict 3. unity and altruism valued 4. Japan/Colombia

Question 56

characteristics of high uncertainty avoidance

Answer 56

1. ppl tend to be more emotional 2. strong codes of belief and behavior 3.sign of disrespect when codes aren't followed 4. society does not readily accept change 5. plan carefully 6. value expertise and formal qualifications 7. Greece/Japan

Question 57

characteristics of low uncertainty avoidance

Answer 57

1. society has less strict rules and regulations 2. flexibility valued, takes risks, tries new ideas 3. value practical skills and innovation 4. Singapore/Denmark/USA

Question 58

characteristics of femininity

Answer 58

1. better maternity leave and affordable child care 2.failing is minor setback 3. conflict solved thru negotiation 4.quality of life is important 5. Sweden/Netherlands

Question 59

characteristics of masculinity

Answer 59

1. large gender pay gap 2. economic growth is priority 3. Competitive 4. Japan/Germany/USA

Question 60

characteristics of long term

Answer 60

1. thrift and saving 2. able to adapt 3.China/Japan

Question 61

characteristics of short term

Answer 61

1. value tradition 2.value fulfilling social obligations 3. immediate gratification 4. USA

Question 62

characteristics of indulgence

Answer 62

1. spend more money on luxuries 2. more leisure activities 3. Mexico/Australia/ USA

Question 63

characteristics of restraint

Answer 63

1. focus on practical needs 2. strict social norms 3. Russia/Egypt