MISC TERMS

Question 1

What term describes constricted pupils?

Answer 1

Miosis

Question 2

What term describes dilated pupils?

Answer 2

Mydriasis

Question 3

What are pinpoint pupils?

Answer 3

Extremely Constricted Pupils;

Commonly seen with
- Opioid Overdose
- Nerve Agents.

Question 4

What does Anisocoria mean?

Answer 4

Unequal pupil sizes.

Question 5

What are mid-position pupils?

Answer 5

Fixed pupils approximately 4–6 mm;

Often associated with
- Severe Brain Injury
- Herniation.

Question 6

What does reactive pupils mean?

Answer 6

Pupils constrict normally in response to light.

Question 7

What does sluggish pupillary response indicate?

Answer 7

Delayed or slow constriction; may indicate hypoxia or head injury.

Question 8

What does nonreactive (fixed) pupils mean?

Answer 8

No response to light stimulus.

Question 9

What does brisk pupillary response mean?

Answer 9

Rapid, normal constriction to light.

Question 10

What does “fixed and dilated” pupils indicate?

Answer 10

Severe hypoxia,

Brain herniation

Cardiac arrest.

Question 11

What does “fixed and constricted” pupils suggest?

Answer 11

Severe pontine injury

Organophosphate Poisoning (RARE).

Question 12

What is the direct pupillary response?

Answer 12

The illuminated pupil constricts.

Question 13

What is the consensual pupillary response?

Answer 13

The opposite pupil constricts when light is shined in the other eye.

Question 14

Pinpoint pupils + respiratory depression suggests what?

Answer 14

Opioid overdose.

Question 15

Unequal pupils after trauma suggests what?

Answer 15

Increased intracranial pressure or brain injury.

Question 16

Sluggish pupils in an altered patient suggest what?

Answer 16

Hypoxia or neurologic compromise.

Question 17

Dysphagia

Answer 17

Difficulty or Discomfort in
SWALLOWING,

Often Due To:
- OBSTRUCTION or
- INJURY
In the THROAT or ESOPHAGUS.

In trauma cases, it may be caused by structural damage, such as a mandibular fracture, affecting the normal swallowing mechanism.

Question 18

Level A

Answer 18

offers the highest level of protection for the skin, respiratory system, and eyes. Level A equipment offers full containment of all body surfaces. It delivers high-level respiratory protection and skin protection, not a decreased level of skin protection as seen with level B equipment.

Question 19

Level B

Answer 19

protective clothing provides the highest degree of respiratory system protection. However, it provides a lower-than-normal level of skin protection in the event of hazardous material contamination.

Question 20

Level C

Answer 20

protection offers a step down from level B. It is usually initiated when transporting possibly contaminated patients when the toxic exposure is known to be a respiratory irritant. It offers limited respiratory and skin protection without eye protection.

Question 21

Level D

Answer 21

protection offers no respiratory protection and minimal skin protection. This level of protection is provided by equipment such as standard turn-out gear. It is not a good choice when the highest level of respiratory protection is needed.

Question 22

Aphasia

Answer 22

is a language disorder that affects a person’s ability to communicate, commonly resulting from brain injury, such as a stroke.

It can impair speaking, understanding speech, reading, or writing.

Question 23

Dysarthria

Answer 23

difficulty speaking due to weakness or poor coordination of the muscles used for speech (tongue, lips, jaw, vocal cords).

a motor speech problem, not a language problem.

*	Slurred
*	Slow
*	Mumbled
*	Hard to articulate words, but content makes sense

CAUSES:
* Stroke
* Head injury
* Alcohol or drug intoxication
* Hypoglycemia
* Neuromuscular disease

Question 24

Agnosia

Answer 24

while not directly a speech disorder, can involve difficulty recognizing and naming objects, which impacts verbal communication;

it is often considered in the broader assessment of speech and language function.

Question 25

Aphagia

Answer 25

refers to the INABILITY or REFUSAL to SWALLOW, which is a SWALLOWING DISORDER UNRelated to the cognitive or motor processes involved in speech.