1
Q
Are mites arachnids?
A
Yes
2
Q
How do mites differ from ticks?
A
- size
- time/location on host
- same life cycle stages
- same aspects of morphology
3
Q
Mite mouth parts
A
Have structures that will scrape skin, do not penetrate
- feed on skin secretions, or chew on skin
4
Q
Acariasis
A
Mite infestation
- young, old, immunocompromised at risk
- common clinical signs: skin lesions, hair loss, crusty skin
- diagnostics: skin scrape (important to get deep, mite burrow)
5
Q
Are mites zoonotic?
A
Yes
6
Q
Sarcoptes scabiei
A
Host-adapted variants/strains
- can be zoonotic, humans also have their own variant
- wide range of hosts (canids, swine, ferrets)
- severe disease in red foxes, immunocompromised hosts (crusted scabies)
7
Q
Does Sarcoptes scabiei affect cats?
A
No
8
Q
S. scabiei motile stages
A
Larvae, nymphal, adult
9
Q
S. scabiei life cycle
A
Occurs on host, mostly in epidermis over 2-3 weeks
10
Q
Sarcoptic mange usually affects ______ areas first
A
Hairless
- papules, erythema, pruritus = hyperkeratosis, alopecia
- self trauma, secondary infections, crusting
- may be fatal
11
Q
Dog
A
Itch mite
- lateral elbows, lateral hocks, edge of pinna
12
Q
Swine
A
Ears. back
13
Q
Cattle
A
Barn itch
- abdomen, neck, medial hind legs
14
Q
Sheep/goats
A
Head scab
- face, ears, ventrum
15
Q
Horses
A
Neck, shoulders, face
16
Q
When is Sarcoptes scabiei reportable?
A
Sheep, goats, horses
17
Q
Sarcoptic mange diagnosis
A
Skin scrapings (deep) - negative scrapings NOT conclusive - PCR History Response to treatment
18
Q
Sarcoptic mange treatment
A
Various acaricides
- dips
- avermectins
19
Q
Notoedres cati
A
Wild or domestic felids
- lesions begin on ears, face, neck –> feet/perineum
- thick, scaly skin, alopecia, pruitus –> self trauma, systemic
- potentially zoonotic
20
Q
Is N. cati a problem for rabbits?
A
Yes, households with cats and rabbits should treat both
21
Q
Psoroptes cuniculi
A
Common ear mites
- hosts: rabbits, goats, horses
22
Q
Psoroptes ovis
A
Cattle, sheep, horses
- primarily southwest
- reportable
23
Q
Psoroptes spp. life cycle
A
Non-burrowing on skin
24
Q
P. ovis of cattle
A
Cattle scab
- back, tail head, shoulders
25
P. ovis of sheep
Neck, back
26
P. ovis of horses
Base of mane
27
Psoroptes ovis is reportable in
Cattle, sheep
28
Chorioptes spp
Most common mite of cattle, horses
- also in small ruminants
- NOT reportable!
- chorioptic mange: mild or no clinical signs
- non-burrowing
29
Chorioptes in cattle
Foot and tail mange, tail scab
| - base of tail, udder, hind feet
30
Chorioptes in sheep, goats
Foot and tail mange
| - interdigital, base of tail, scrotum (sheep)
31
Chorioptes in horses
Foot mange, itchy leg
- foot, base of tail
- especially occurs in draft breeds
32
Otodectes cynotis
Dogs, cats, ferrets (is transferable among different animal species)
- common ear mite
- mites in external ear canal
33
Ear mites
Canals become excessively moist
- inflammation --> pruritus --> self trauma
- secondary infection, ruptured ear drum
- bilateral
34
Purulent black exudate
Cerumen
35
Otodectes cynotis - diagnosis
Ear swabs
| - all dogs, cats in household need to be treated
36
Demodex spp.
Most species are normal fauna of skin
- transmission by direct contact (mother) --> neonate
- immunosuppression --> overgrowth --> disease
37
Which demodex species is a primary pathogen?
D. cornei
38
Demodex life cycle
All stages develop on host within hair follicle lumen and sebaceous gland ducts
39
Squamous demodicosis
Localized or generalized
- primarily dogs
- seen in cats, horses, sheep
- dry, scaly dermatitis, alopecia
40
Papulonodular demodicosis
Cattle, goats, pigs
| - hair follicles/glands obstructed --> nodules
41
Localized demodectic mange in dogs
Small, well-defined patchy lesions
- young (less than 1 year)
- self limiting with spontaneous recovery
42
Generalized demodectic mange in dogs
Usually underlying disease
- large coalescing lesions (pruritus, secondary infection)
- no age predilection
- poor prognosis if no aggressive treatment
43
Is demodex pruritic on its own?
No, requires secondary infection
44
Feline demodectic mange
Rare
- D. cati is normal flora (eyelids, head, neck)
- D. gatoi is transmissible = pruritus, superficial (ventrum limbs) --> is a primary pathogen
45
Demodectic mange - cattle
Common in pregnant, lactating cows
| - nodular, neck, shoulders
46
Demodectic mange - sheep
Rare
| - diffuse, scaly, neck, flank, shoulders
47
Demodectic mange - goats
Young or pregnant
| - nodular, face, neck, axilla, udder
48
Demodectic mange - horses
Rare, chronic corticosteroids
| - diffuse, scaly
49
Demodectic mange - pigs
Rare
| - nodular, snout
50
Cheyletiella
Dog, cats
- very contagious, potentially zoonotic!
- walking dandruff
- nonburrowing
51
Cheyletiella clinical signs
- dogs: exfoliative dermatitis, inflammation, hyperaesthesia
| - cats: long haired breeds, similar signs as dog on head/trunk
52
Pneumonyssoides caninum
Dog
- nasal mite!
- rhinitis, hyperemic mucosa
- diagnose via rhinoscopy, nasal swab
53
Knemidocoptes mutans
Chickens, pet birds
| - severe hyperkeratosis
54
Dermanyssus gallinae
Chickens, wild birds
| - anemia: decreased production
55
Ornithonyssus sylvarium
Chickens, turkeys
| - anemia: soiled vent feathers
Parasitology
flashcards
Decks in class (28)
# Cards
-
Introduction18
-
Protozoa65
-
Ciliates34
-
Apicomplexa48
-
Apicomplex pt 251
-
Apicomplexa pt 338
-
Emerging Protozoa31
-
Tick-Borne Protozoa67
-
Ticks44
-
Tick-Borne Diseases52
-
Mites55
-
Fleas25
-
Lice23
-
Diptera53
-
Intro to Helminths35
-
Filarids48
-
Heartworm Diagnosis22
-
Spirurids & Oxyurids46
-
Ruminant Strongyles46
-
Equine Strongyles47
-
Hookworms48
-
Strongyloides33
-
Ascarids53
-
Capillarids, Trichinella, Trichurids55
-
Lungworms31
-
Cestodes76
-
Trematodes - Trematoda40
-
Trematodes pt 240
