Mobility and Exercise

Question 1

What is the role of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems in activity and exercise?

Answer 1

Regulation of movement through integrated functioning

Together, they are often considered a single functioning unit.

Question 2

List the physiological systems affected by exercise.

Answer 2

• Metabolic system - increase metabolic rate (use glucose and fatty acids and triglyceride breakdown
• Musculoskeletal system - increases muscle tone, joint mobility, increase in muscle mass, reduced bone loss (good for elderly ladies)
• Pulmonary system
• Psychological factors - improves mood, helps sleep better, overall feel better
• Cardiovascular system - heartrate goes up, increased cardiac output into our body, improved venus return (deoxygenated blood flow back to your heart), increased has exchange (improved aveoler ventilation breathing)

Exercise promotes and maintains health and is essential for chronic illness treatment.

Question 3

Define isotonic exercises.

Answer 3

Muscle shortens to produce contraction and active movement

Examples include running, walking, swimming, and cycling.

Question 4

Define isometric exercises.

Answer 4

Change in muscle tension occurs without change in muscle length or movement

An example is quad sets.

Question 5

Define isokinetic exercises.

Answer 5

Muscle contraction or tension against resistance

Used in physical conditioning and resistive training.

Question 6

What are some pathological influences on activity and exercise?

Answer 6

• Congenital abnormalities - Osteogenesis imperfecta, Scoliosis (curve in spine)
• Disorders of bones, joints, and muscles - Osteoporosis, Arthritis
• Central nervous system damage and disorders - Parkinson’s Disease, M.S (multiple sclerosis), ALS
• Musculoskeletal trauma - Fracture, Breaks, Bruises, Tears
• Other chronic diseases - Asthma, High blood pressure, COPD, Cancers

These factors can significantly impact mobility and exercise capabilities.

Question 7

What does deconditioning refer to?

Answer 7

Loss of physical fitness due to inactivity

It can affect various body systems and overall health.

Question 8

List the developmental changes that influence activity and exercise.

Answer 8

• Infancy through school age
• Adolescence
• Young to middle adulthood
• Older age

Each stage has unique physical and psychological factors affecting activity levels.

Question 9

What are some behavioral aspects influencing activity and exercise?

Answer 9

Individual choices and habits regarding physical activity

These can include motivation, preferences, and lifestyle.

Question 10

What are some environmental issues that influence activity and exercise?

Answer 10

• Worksites
• Schools
• Community

Accessibility and resources in these environments can promote or hinder physical activity.

Question 11

What are some psychosocial issues that influence activity and exercise?

Answer 11

• Cultural influences
• Family support
• Social support

These factors can affect motivation and opportunities for exercise.

Question 12

What are the effects of immobility on the body systems?

Answer 12

• Muscles: Atrophy
• Cardiovascular: Decreased efficiency
• Respiratory: Reduced lung capacity
• Gastrointestinal: Slowed function
• Integumentary: Skin breakdown

Immobility can lead to significant health complications.

Question 13

According to the BCCNM Professional Standard, what is essential for professional responsibility and accountability?

Answer 13

Maintain physical, psychological, and emotional fitness to practice

This is crucial for the well-being of oneself, colleagues, and patients.