Mod 11/2

Question 1

What does the thoracic cavity contain?5

Answer 1

Heart, great vessels, esophagus, tracheobronchial tree, lungs

Question 2

Blunt force trauma results from?

Answer 2

Kinetic energy forces transmitted through the issue.

Question 3

Low energy

Answer 3

Arrows knives and handgun

Question 4

High energy

Answer 4

Military, hunting riffles and high powered hand guns

Question 5

Type 1 shot gun

Answer 5

> 7 meters

Question 6

Type 2 shotgun

Answer 6

3-7 meters

Question 7

Type 3

Answer 7

<3 meters from weapon

Question 8

What are 4 most common injuries encountered in blunt chest trauma

Answer 8

Contusions
Rib fractures
Eternal fractures/disclocations
Flail chest

Question 9

What is the most common chest wall injury

Answer 9

Contusions

Question 10

What are the most fractured rips

Answer 10

Ribs 4-8

Question 11

Sternal fracture and disc location are associated with what?

Answer 11

Sever blunt anterior trauma

Question 12

5 pulmonary injuries

Answer 12

Simple pneumothorax
Open pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax
Hemothorax
Pulmonary contusion

Question 13

Simple pneumothorax + definition

Answer 13

Mechanism is paper bag syndrome
Lung tissue is disrupted and air leaks into the pleural space

Question 14

Definition of open pneumothorax

Answer 14

Free passage of air between atmosphere and pleural space
Air replaces lung tissue is

Question 15

S/S for open pneumothorax

Answer 15

Penetrating chest trauma, sucking chest wound, frothy blood at wound site, dyspnea, hypovolemia

Question 16

Tension pneumothorax

Answer 16

Progression of a spontaneous, simple or open pneumothorax
Creates a one-way pressure valve within the thorax

Question 17

S/S for tension pneumothorax

Answer 17

Life threats
Dyspnea
V/Q
Hypoxemia
Hyperinflation
Hyperresonance
Cyanosis
Diminished breath sounds

Question 18

Hemothorax

Answer 18

Accumulation of blood in the pleural space
Causes decreased in tidal volume

Question 19

S/S Hemothorax

Answer 19

Shock,
Dull percussion
Blunt or penetrating chest trauma results

Question 20

Pulmonary contusion

Answer 20

Soft tissue bruise of the lung
Associated with rib fracture

Question 21

S/S pulmonary contusion

Answer 21

Blunt or penetrating chest trauma
Dyspnea
Hypoxia
Crackles
Diminishing breath sounds,
Hemoptysis
Shock

Question 22

Cardiovascular injuries 4

Answer 22

Subset of thoracic trauma
Myocardial contusion
Pericardial tamponade
Myocardial aneurysm or rupture

Question 23

Progressive problems with myocardial contusion

Answer 23

Hematoma
Hemoperitoneum
Myocardial necrosis
Dysthymia’s
Heart failure

Question 24

S/S for myocardial contusion

Answer 24

Blunt injury to chest
Bruises
Rapid heart rate
Pain

Question 25

Pericardial tamponade

Answer 25

Restriction to cardiac filling caused by blood or other fluid within the pericardium Results from tears in the coronary artery or penetration

Question 26

S/S of pericardial tamponade

Answer 26

Dyspnea Cyanosis Becks triad Weak threads pulse Shock

Question 27

What are the 3 things for Becks triad

Answer 27

Distended jugular vein Distant heart sounds Decrease arterial pressure

Question 28

What’s kussmauls sign

Answer 28

Decrease or absence of JVD during inspiration

Question 29

When does myocardial aneurysms mostly occur?

Answer 29

Extreme blunt thoracic trauma Myocardial contusion

Question 30

When does a hernia occurs

Answer 30

High pressure blunt trauma Most in lower chest

Question 31

What’s a traumatic esophageal rupture

Answer 31

Complication of blunt thoracic trauma

Question 32

What causes asphyxia

Answer 32

Severe compressive forces applied to the thorax

Question 33

What happens when a traumatic asphyxia

Answer 33

Backwards flow of blood from the ride side of heart into superior vena cava and the upper extremities

Question 34

The lethal 6

Answer 34

Airway obstruction Tension pneumothorax Pericardial tamponade Open pneumo Massive hemo Flail segment

Question 35

The hidden 6

Answer 35

Thoracic aortic disruption Tracheobronchial injuries Myocardial contusion Diaphragmatic injuries Esophageal injuries Pulmonary contusion

Question 36

Assessment of thoracic trauma

Answer 36

Scene assessment Primary assessment Rapid trauma Ongoing