1
Q
What is well-being
A
An overall state or feeling comfortable, healthy, happy - includes mental health
2
Q
What is mental health
A
includes psychological, emotional, and social aspects of thinking, feeling, and behaving
3
Q
Can mental health be paralleled with physical health?
A
Yes, having good physical health means your body and organ systems are functioning well; mental health means mental and emotional systems are functioning well and can manage stressors
4
Q
Can well-being be paralleled with physical fitness?
A
Yes, being physically fit means you can get the most out of body’s capabilities; high levels of well-being means you are living well and doing meaningful things
5
Q
Historical origins of well-being
A
Aristotle thought the goal of life was eudaimonia, which often refers to happiness but more correctly is the idea of flourishing
6
Q
Views of Well-being
A
Buddhism - balance and harmony with self and environment are important
African religions - relationships w/ land and community members are important
7
Q
What is Ubuntu?
A
African philosophy which shows that a person cannot flourish in isolation, but grow in connection w/ others
8
Q
What are the components of well-being
A
Mental Health
Physical Health
Supportive/Secure environment
9
Q
Physical Health
A
taking proper care of body for optimum health and functioning
10
Q
Supportive/Secure environment
A
env. where person feels socially, emotionally, physically safe and valued
11
Q
Contributors to mental health
A
Realizing your potential
Emotional Health
Social Connectedness
Psychological health
12
Q
Realizing your potential
A
mental health is affected by the degree to which you feel you are reaching potential and making a meaningful contribution to world
13
Q
Emotional health
A
made up of feelings and emotions
- relates to ability to regulate feelings across diff. challenges, experiences, contexts
14
Q
Social Connectedness
A
creating and maintaining social relationships with others
- relies upon development of positive social skills like empathy
15
Q
Psychological health
A
how you think about things and regulate feelings
- ability to self-reflect, problem-solve and be attentive
16
Q
Mental Health Spectrum
A
not that you have mental health or you don
as you go up in intensity on triangle of spectrum, fewer people meet that threshold
17
Q
mental health spectrum thresholds (low intensity to high)
A
well
symptoms
concerns or problems
disorders or illness
18
Q
symptoms
A
experiences that can be associated with some distress, may be situational and not necessarily indicate problem
- common symptoms; anxiety, mood, sleep
19
Q
well
A
being mentally well is reflected in feeling content, capable and happy
- stress and disappointment are manageable
20
Q
concerns or problems
A
presence of symptoms that persist and are associated with distress but not severe enough to be diagnosable
- usually due to new life event or stress
21
Q
disorders, conditions, illness
A
clinically diagnosed illnesses require evidence based treatments by health care professionals
- comprised of clinically significant symptoms by disturbance of thought or feeling that negatively affects day (Generalized Anxiety Disorder)
22
Q
Relating mental health and well-being
A
conceptualized on two parallel continuums
23
Q
Student demand for mental health resources
A
prior to pandemic demand for student mental health resources and support is increasing
24
Q
Need for University mental health services due to…
A
At-risk age
Transition period
Vulnerable brain
Lacking support
Decrease in stigma
25
Stigma and Disclosure
stigma around mental health diminishes, an increasing number of students are disclosing mental health concerns
26
adult mental illness
begin in adolescence and early adulthood
75% of adult mental illness begins prior to 25
27
transition period
students experiences whole new set of academic, financial, and social stressors such as making friends, away from fam, new routines
28
stressor
person, place or situation that causes a state of psychological strain or tension
29
vulnerable brain
the growing adult brain is particularly vulnerable to a stressful environment
young ppl are undergoing fast growth and are more vulnerable when exposed to risk factors and stressors
30
lacking support
resources to support are limited
universities historically provided only short term counselling services and community mental health services are not designed to meet the needs of students
31
goal of UFlourish Study
improve understanding of how shared and unique student experiences affect mental health, the uni experiences and academic outcomes
32
contributors to mental health and academic outcomes in first years
family factors
personal factors
early environment
psychological
lifestyle and behaviour
course outcomes
33
family factors
family relationships
parental mental health history
parent education
34
personal factors
mental and physical health, age, gender, sexuality, sociolcultural background
35
early enviroment
childhood abuse, neglect, peer bullying, early loss/separation
36
psychological
emotional self-awareness, compassion, resilience, mental health literacy, stigma
37
lifestyle and behaviour
exercise and recreation, social connections, sleep quality, and substance use
38
it can be helpful to think of well-being and mental health in terms of ____
goals
39
what are the 8 different categories of goals
community
social
recreational
career
academic
relationships
cultural
40
community
be part of a broader community, support/ contribute to positive change for others in those communities
41
social
make new social connections and develop a broader social network
42
recreational
maintain physical fitness, engage in recreation, hobbies, and/or cultural activities, achieve a healthy study-life balance
43
career
look for enriched or applied learning experiences, such as volunteering or internships
44
academic
achieve and maintain good grades and self directedness in learning
45
relationships
every culture has a different way of thinking bout well-being and mental health
overcoming stigma and sharing your story with those who understand your specific experiences and concerns can be useful
46
better mental health is strongly correlated to>>
better academic outcomes
47
How mental health is correlated to academic success
Energy levels and motivation
Concentration and cognition
Self-Efficacy
Managing stressful situations
Belongingness
48
mental health concepts
risk factors
protective factors
stressors
resilience
signs and symptoms
49
risk factor
biological, psychological or sociological characteristic or exposure associated with higher likelihood of negative outcome
not getting enough sleep
using recreational drugs
50
protective factor
characteristic or exposure that lowers likelihood of negative outcomes or reduces impact of risk factor
- reliable support network
- good study-life balance
- good sleep
51
stressors
person, place, situation that causes state of psychological strain or tension
(stress is a physiological response to stressor)
- upcoming final
- relationship problems
52
signs and symptoms
If ind. does not adapt will develop symptoms
- observable or experienced indicators of being under stress
53
resilience
ability to adjust, adapt, overcome and cope w/ a disappointment or stressor
54
5 important factors that are influenced by mental health
energy levels and motivation
concentration and cognition
self-efficacy
managing stressful situations
belongingness
55
energy levels and motivation
mental health influences how you feel in your daily life
are you motivated to begin your day?
do you have energy to complete all your daily tasks?
56
concentration and cognition
mental health influences the mental processes of concentration and cognition
are you able to concentrate on the task at hand?
how do you perform in environments that demand thinking, learning, comprehension?
57
self efficacy
extent to which someone believes in their ability/capacity to achieve certain outcomes
do you feel you are able to succed at your goals and generally cope with what you might be faced with?
58
managing stressful situations
common occurence throughout an individuals life
ability to manage stressful situations as they arise is related to your mental healh
how well do you manage stressful situations
59
sense of belonginess
fosters a pro-social dimension of feeling part of a learning community, and collaborating with others on the university journey
60
what might signs and symptoms signal
the emergence of an illness or problem, or they may be circumstantial and short-lived
61
psychodynamic model who was it developed by
sigmund freud
62
Psychodynamic model
process of mind involves interplay of psychological forces and that distress arises due to conscious interpretation of these forces masks true unconscious origin
63
Medical/Disease model
based on work of Aristotle, Galen, Hippocrates
views problems of mental functioning from a disease perspective w/ biological basis at the core
emphasizes recovery through somatic treatment (medication)
64
Behavioural model
based on theories by Pavlov, Watson, Skinner
how you behave day-to-day is conditioned due to
reinforcement you receive for your actions
in anxiety disorders, maladaptive learning has taken place and harmless stimulus has become linked to fear
65
aims of behaviour therapy
aims to reverse this learning in anxiety disorders and phobias by creating less negative association with harmless stimulus
one of the most commonly used theories used today
66
Cognitive model
perspective that mental disorders are result of errors in thinking or biases
perspective of world and self are the result of your thinking and errors or distortions in thought process can cause mental disorders
67
CBT
identifies and corrects biases in thinking (distortions, over-generalizations)
changing maladaptive behaviour and learning new behavioural responses
68
Biopsychosocial model
emphasizes interacting roles of biological factors, psychological factors and social factors as contributors to mental illness
these three faactors are not always equal in their role in det. menatl illness
69
Osler Medical Humanist Model
rather than adopting a singular reductionist approach, it reminds us to take the whole individual person into account when assessing for a diagnosis and developing a treatment plan
70
Social and Cultural models
social model focuses on broader holistic community-based influences on mental health including social, cultural, env. context
cultural model focuses on voices of experience in response to feeling talked at or over in medical and social models
71
The Mad Movement
led by those w/ lived experience and focuses on non-stigmatizing way of approaching mental health experiences
72
distal
factor that represents an indirect cause or underlying vulnerability for particular condition
73
proximal
factor that represents a direct cause or immediate vulnerability for particular condition
74
distal risk factors
can include family environment during childhood, degree of adequate nutrition, housing and safe env.
75
proximal risk factos
choices made such as using cannabis, binging alcohol
76
reconsidering risk factors
Genes
Epigenetics
Environment
Stress Diathesis Model (model based on genes and env.)
Culture
77
who did emil kraeplin study
patients admitted to asylums, noted that illness ran in families and differentiated dementia (psychotic illness) from mood disorders
78
cognitive model contributors
abraham, seligman, teasdale, beck etal, and brown and harris
79
what is the perspective of the cognitive model
that mental disorders are the result of errors in thinking or biases
assumes that your perspective of yourself and the world are the result of your thinking therefor, errors or distortion in thought processes can cause upset and mental disorders
making negative interpretations of situations, recalling negative memories, and focusing on negative information can all contribute to increased ancient and depression
80
why does unhelpful thinking involve
repeated dwelling, overthinking, and worry about what didn't go right or what could go wrong in the future
81
what was the cognitive model combined with
the behaviour model
became cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT
82
medical and disease model views
problems of mental functioning (social, emotional, psychological) from a disease perspective with a biological basis at the core
emphasizes recovery through somatic treatment such as medication and brain stimulation
83
Osler medical humanist model holistic approach
incorpating all relevant medical/biological, social and psychological aspects
84
Micheal Foucailts madness and civilzation
a history of insanity in the age of reason (1964) is often cited as a key work in this movement
traced how meanings of madness changed throughout history, and in the age of enlightenment was seen constructed as opposite to rationality, logic, and sanityt
85
outcomes of distal and proximal risk factors
uni student mental health, well-being and academic outcomes are associated with each other and determined by a combination of distal and proximal risk facots and stressors
86
genes
our temperament and predisposition to mental disorder is in part related to our genetic makeup and family history
87
epigenetics
refers to the modiciation of gene activity or expression
can occur through certain exposures, including biological (hormones), environmental (famine), and/or pshychological (chronic stress, abuse) factors
88
enviorment
refers to your physical, psycholigcal, social surroundings, including the emotional context at home or in class
89
stress diathesis model
based on interaction between genes and the environment, and the wear and tear effect of chronic risk exposures related to stress on your mind and body
ability to cope and adapt is affected by this balance
90
diathesis
a persons predisposition or vulnerability to a medical condition
91
culture
the differences in cultures have a range of implication for mental health practice (and risk), ranging from the ways that ppl view health and illness, to treatment seeking patterns, the nature of the therapeutic relationship and issue of racism and discrimination
92
schizophrenia
mental illness that is thought to have a relatively strong genetic component
majority of children with a parent with schizophrenia will not develop this disorder
93
what can further infleunce shcizophrenia
certain environmental and lifestyle factors increase the risk of individual who already vulnerable or at genetic risk such as regular use of weed
94
facts about dakota
first member of family to attend uni
bullied by peers
anxious at school, worries what others thought of her
female, exploring sexuality and her Indigenous side
continues to live at home
safe and organized home life
95
dakotas story
experienced anxiety symptoms (excessive worrying, anxious stomach ache, scratched her arm when stressed)
increased anxiety around starting Uni
noticed increased muscle tension, racing heart, dry mouth
plays on Varsity team, does, yoga, gym which helps w/ symptoms
96
Facts about Noa
transferred uni to do football
loves athletics, heterosexual male
struggles to find balance between school, athletics, social life
binge drinks and occasionally uses cannabis but worries about effect on fitness and possible disqualification
substance use makes him anxious and under-motivated, causes shortness of breath and difficulty breathing
Noa’s uncle used recreational drugs and developed schizophrenia
97
noas story
supportive family and good girlfriend
strong commitment to sports/fitness and personal goals
no personal history of mental health problems
currently feels some anxiety and low motivation
98
lily facts
international student
only member of family in Canada and not perfectly fluent in English
heterosexual female
sharing house w/ other students she doesn’t know
feels lonely and homesick
worries about her mother’s health who is hospitalized for fatigue, depressive symptoms
99
lilys story
feels pressure to perform at high academic level since her parents are supporting her financially
worries she is missing out socially; in past made friends easily
very organized, has good sleep habits/study habits
not felt impaired or distressed to the point that she cannot function
100
facts gabriel
current medical student
black gay man, and has a partner at diff. Uni
stopped exercising this year, as he feels he needs to focus on grades
not sleeping well and is feeling stressed about academic performance
feels unusually low but still able to push himself
101
gabriel story
finds it hard to make friends since so academically focused and in competition w/ classmates
family history of bipolar disorder and severe depression
his mother is very unwell and was not available to him through his childhood which motivated him to become a doctor
supportive partner who understands his ambition
he would never use drugs or abuse alcohol since he realizes risks given family history
has been experiencing shortened and disrupted sleep
IDIS199
flashcards
Decks in class (6)
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