Who developed the Motivation-Hygiene theory?
Frederick Herzberg
This theory states that motivation comes from within and is supported by factors like recognition, challenging work, and growth opportunities.
What is Frederick Taylor known as the father of?
Management science
He pioneered time-motion studies, work design, work measurement, and production control.
Alice Hamilton specialized in industrial medicine focusing on what?
Workplace poisons
She supported changes to safety laws to improve worker health.
H.W. Heinrich is known as the father of modern safety for developing what?
The first set of safety principles / domino theory
He suggested that unsafe acts cause a high percentage of accidents.
What are Theory X and Theory Y proposed by Douglas McGregor?
Management theories regarding worker motivation and participation
They emphasize the importance of worker input in safety programs.
What does Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs suggest about workplace behavior?
Actions and reactions differ based on the hierarchy level
This model helps understand worker motivation.
What did the Hawthorne experiment conducted by Elton Mayo reveal?
Temporary acceptance of new processes due to attention
Key element to worker success is worker participation.
What approach did Dan Peterson advocate for in safety culture?
Systematic approach praising workers
He believed that a strong safety culture reduces accident rates.
How were apprentices trained prior to the Industrial Revolution?
Instructed by master craftsmen on safe work practices
Ensuring high-quality, efficient production was in everyone’s best interest.
How did work change during the Industrial Revolution?
Shift to factories with machines designed without safety considerations
Power sources changed from manpower to steam and electricity.
What was one of the first laws to protect workers introduced in 1833?
The British Factory Act
This legislation aimed to improve working conditions.
List the three defenses most commonly used by employers before compensation laws.
- Assumption of Risk
- Fellow Servant Rule
- Contributory Negligence
These defenses were used to avoid liability for workplace injuries.
True or false: The British Parliament passed the first compensation Act in 1897?
TRUE
This marked a significant change in worker compensation laws.
Why was Frederick Taylor’s work on scientific management important?
Changed the nature of industry through work design and measurement
His principles laid the groundwork for modern management practices.
What is the Hawthorne effect?
Increased productivity due to attention given to workers
Workers’ involvement in processes is crucial for safety.
Who discovered the Hawthorne effect?
Elton Mayo
His research highlighted the importance of worker involvement.
Heinrich attributed the cause of most accidents to what?
Unsafe acts by people
He believed that people cause more accidents than unsafe conditions.
What are the three management deficiencies in the Loss Causation Model (LCM)?
- Lack of management control at the system level
- Standards missing or inadequate
- Compliance with standards or systems
These deficiencies are critical in accident causation analysis.
How are entry-level (unskilled) workers motivated according to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
They need the job and may take risks to keep it
This often places them in hazardous situations.
