module 3 definitions

Question 1

First ionisation energy

Answer 1

of an element is the energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of the gaseous element to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions.

Question 2

Disproportionation

Answer 2

is the oxidation and reduction of the same element in a redox reaction.

Question 3

Activation energy

Answer 3

is the minimum energy required to start a reaction by breaking bods in the reactants.

Question 4

The enthalpy change of reaction

Answer 4

Δ_rH^ø is the energy change associated with a given reaction.

Question 5

The enthalpy change of formation

Answer 5

Δ_fH^ø is th eenergy change that takes place when 1 mole of a compound is formed fromits constituent elements in their standard state under standard conditions.

Question 6

The enthalpy change of combustion

Answer 6

Δ_cH^ø is the energy change that takes place when 1 mole of a substance is completely combsted.

Question 7

The enthalpy change of neutralisation.

Answer 7

Δ_neutH^ø is the energy change associated with the formation of 1 mole of water from a neuralistion reaction.

Question 8

Calormetry

Answer 8

is the quantitive study of energy in a chmeical reaction.

Question 9

Specific heat capactity

Answer 9

is the energy required to raise ther temprature of 1 g of a substance by 1 K.

Question 10

Avarage bond enthalpy

Answer 10

is the mean energy needed for 1 mole of a given type of gaseous bonds to undergo homolytic fission.

Question 11

Hess’ law

Answer 11

States that the enthalpy change in a chemical reactionis independant of the route it takes.

Question 12

An enthalpy cycle

Answer 12

is a pictorial representation showing alternative routes between reactants and products.

Question 13

The Boltzmjann distribution

Answer 13

is the distribution of energies of molecules at a articular temperature, often shown as a graph.