What statements can be said regarding hepatitis C?
- HCG is transmitted via blood
- Chronic infections with HCV are even more common than HBV
- The best preventative measure for healthcare workers against infection is to routine practices
- A vaccine is not available to provide protection
What are symptoms of hepatitis A infection?
- Dark urine
- Light feces
- Jaundice
Recent emerging viral infections of concern to Canadians are what?
- SARS
- West Nile
- H1N1 Flu
Which websites could you look at for information regarding emerging infections?
- WHO and CDC
- Health Canada and CHICA
- Alberta health and IPC bulletins
Chronic carriers are most common when infected with what?
HCV (hepatitis C virus)
The main host cells for HIV are what?
Lymphocytes
The risk of infection with BBPs after stick with used needle (no gloves/ no immunizations) is what?
- HIV 0.3%
- HCV 3.0%
- HBV 30.0%
Hepatitis A virus usually enters the host via what?
Contaminated food or water
During the latent period of HIV infection what happens?
The individual has no clinical symptoms of AIDS
Confirmation of a current hepatitis A infection is established by what?
Blood test for hepatitis A IgM antibodies
Hepatitis A vaccine is recommended as what?
A preventative measure for travel and identified contracts of a patient with d. Hepatitis A
Which of the following is not a likely route of transmission of hepatitis B virus?
Ingestion of water contaminated with feces
Which of the following would not considered a significant blood exposure require follow up procedures?
A drop of blood on non broken skin of the arm
What are some facts about the hepatitis B virus?
- It is an unusually hardy enveloped virus
- Has an antigenic site called HBsAg which is used to diagnose infection
- Replicates in the liver
What are some characteristics of HIV?
- Lipid envelope with glycoprotein spikes
- Protein coat
- Core containing RNA
Resting HIV positive patients with ZDV (Zidovudine) results in what?
Slow viral replication in host cells
The effect on the host of HIV replication includes what?
- Abnormally low level of CD4 cells
- Impaired cellular immunity
- Susceptibility to infection with a variety of microorganisms
Body fluids, which may be infectious for hepatitis B during acute infection and in chronic carriers, include what?
- Saliva
- Semen
- CSF
The initial diagnosis of hepatitis B infection may be established by a positive blood test for what?
Surface antigen (HBsAg) - the virus
If all of your immunizations are up to date, the greatest risk of infection if you poke yourself with a used needle from and infected patient is from a patient with what?
HCV
Hepatitis B is transmitted through what fluid?
- Saliva
- Blood and blood products
HIV is known to be transmitted by what?
- Blood
- Semen
- vaginal secretions
HIV only binds to cells having what?
CD4 receptors
Which test results correlates with clinical aids?
CD4 cell count below 200
