1
Q
This is the various political factors that can influence and shape the decision-making process and policies of an organization.
A
Political environment
2
Q
What are the 4 that encompasses the political environment?
A
Political system
Government policies, laws, and regulations
Government relations
Political risks
3
Q
What are the key components of the political environment?
A
Government policies
Political instability
International relations
Political risk
4
Q
These are the laws and regulations that facilitate the conduct of individuals, businesses, and organizations.
A
Government policies
5
Q
What dictates political instability?
A
Government system
Elections
Transmission of powers
6
Q
This is the relationship of a country with other countries.
A
International relations
7
Q
This includes the political decisions and/or activities that can adversely affect a company’s condition.
A
Political risk
8
Q
Can organizations still profit and succeed in traditionally unfavorable conditions?
A
Yes
9
Q
Political causes of instability?
A
Trade disputes
Animosity
Extreme nationalism
Changes in ruling political parties
Unstable forms of government
10
Q
What are examples of political risks?
A
Economic risks
Political sanctions
Activism
Violence, Terrorism, War
Cyberterrorism and Cybercrime
11
Q
This is a combination of two or more parties that seek the development of an enterprise or project for profit.
A
Joint ventures
12
Q
This is attempting to influence legislative action through communication.
A
Lobbying
13
Q
How can political bargaining be done according to the module?
A
Lobbying
14
Q
This is a political system that allows people to influence government decisions and policies. It puts great emphasis on people’s participation, equality, and freedom.
A
Democracy
15
Q
This is a political system that limits political freedom and citizen participation. It allows power to be concentrated in a single authority or a small group of people.
A
Authoritarianism
16
Q
This is a political system that is the extreme form of authoritarianism, the state control of nearly all aspects of public and private lives.
A
Totalitarianism
17
Q
This is a political system where power is almost always inherited, ruled by a King, Queen, or Emperor.
A
Monarchy
18
Q
This is the state of uncertainty and fragility in the political system of a country which can put to risks governance, social order, and the like. It signals a move away from steady governance and is often marked by a lack of consistent leadership or clear policy.
A
Political instability
19
Q
What are the signs of political instability?
A
Frequent changes in leadership
Large-scale protests
Political violence
Unfairness of elections
Loss of public trust
20
Q
Causes of political instability
A
Economic condition
Corruption
Deep divisions
Weak institutions
Lack of government participation
21
Q
This is dictated by unemployment and financial hardship leading to marginalization.
A
Economic condition
22
Q
This happens when government officials abuse their power and destroy public trust.
A
Corruption
23
Q
This pertains to the possibility that religion and ethnicity can lead to conflict.
A
Deep divisions
24
Q
This pertains to courts of law not being able to provide the services needed in order to keep the society stable.
A
Weak institutions
25
This pertains to citizens feeling they have no voice in how they are governed, or if their human rights are restricted.
Lack of government participation
26
This encompasses government actions toward a country’s trade and commerce, including economic controls, taxation policies, historical business developments, and market competition regulations.
Legal environment
27
What are the 4 major bases for legal systems?
Common law
Islamic law
Commercial legal system
Civil or code law
28
This is a basis for legal system found in the UK, the US, and Canada.
Common law
29
This is a basis for legal system derived from the Korean and found in Islamic states.
Islamic law
30
This is a basis for legal systems found in marxist-socialist economies and states.
Commercial legal system
31
This is a basis for legal systems found in Germany, France, Japan, and non-Islamic and non-Marxist countries.
Civil or code of law
32
What are the 3 different types of international legal disputes?
Between governments
Between a company and a government
Between companies
33
What are the 3 general ways to determine jurisdiction?
Jurisdictional clauses in contracts
Where a contract was entered into
Where the provisions of the contract were performed
34
What are the key factors of legal environment?
Laws and regulations
Contracts and agreements
Consumer protection
Employment laws
Intellectual property rights
Environmental regulations
35
These are the rules set by the government that businesses must follow.
Laws and regulations
36
These outline what each party must do in business deals. They ensures that everyone keeps their promises.
Contracts and agreements
37
These are laws are in place to safeguard customers from unfair business practices.
Consumer protection
38
These dictate how employees should be treated, covering aspects like wages, working hours, and workplace safety.
Employment laws
39
These protect creations of the mind like inventions, designs, artistic works, from being copied or used without permission. They encourage innovation by giving creators control over their creations
Intellectual property rights
40
These are laws related to the environment that ensure that businesses operate in ways that don’t harm nature.
Environmental regulations
41
What is democracy in Greek?
Rule by the people
42
This is a form of government in which all citizens have the right to vote.
Democracy
43
This is a system of electing representatives in conducting the affairs of state.
Representative democracy
44
This is when ceremonial monarchs serve as permanent heads of state but have no real political power.
Constitutional monarchy
45
This is a system in which individuals govern without support or consent of the citizenry.
Totalitarian government
46
This is when non-elected religious leaders have considerable political control of the country.
Theocratically totalitarian
47
This is an economic ideology whereby the government or state owns and controls all the major factors of production.
Communism
48
This is an economic ideology in which the government or state plays a strong role in the economy and may own stakes in certain businesses.
Socialism
49
This is an economic system where businesses are privately owned with a strong individualistic profit orientation. There is very little role for government exists.
Capitalism
50
These are the risks that political forces or problems in a country will have a meaningfully negative impact upon the conduct of business in that country.
Political risks
51
This is a political risk that affects all business in a given country.
Macropolitical risk
52
This is a political risk that only affects a certain industry or set of firms in a given country.
Micropolitical risk
53
This involves unlawful acts of violence threatening the physical safety of others.
Terrorism
54
This law provides for U.S. government insurance coverage for the risk of a U.S. business or property being attacked by a “foreign person or foreign interest.”
Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002
55
This company sells insurance that protects businesses against political risks.
Overseas Private Investment Corporation
56
This is a situation where businesses are able to illegally alter relevant private and/or public decision-making through bribes, kickbacks, blackmail, and extortion.
Corruption
57
This is business corruption involving other private businesses, individuals or groups
Private Corruption
58
This is the practice of making illegal payments to government officials or engaging in blackmail, extortion, or related activities to obtain government contracts or government approval for business activities.
Public corruption
59
This act prohibits U.S. companies from bribing or otherwise corrupting foreign government officials to win foreign government contracts or obtain other foreign government assistance for their business.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act 1997
60
This is a legal system based on a comprehensive listing of legal rules in sets of written codes of law. There is little room for judicial “interpretation” or changing legal regulations; the rules are specifically and comprehensively set forth in given written codes.
Civil law legal system
61
This is a legal system in which legislative bodies generally enact less specific legal rules, so that judges and courts are given considerable authority with respect to interpreting these rules based upon precedent and other factors.
Common law legal system
62
This is a legal system where judges have a fair amount of flexibility to change their interpretations of the law based on changing societal developments, without waiting for the legislative branch to pass new rules.
Common law legal system
63
This is a legal system based on religious documents and religious teachings. Islamic law is the primary example of this.
Theocratic law legal system
64
This establishes which violations of a nation's laws are crimes punishable by possible incarceration.
Criminal Law
65
This is the body of law governing legally enforceable agreements between parties to engage in economic exchange.
Contract law
66
Describe the contracts in civil law countries.
Short and unspecific
67
In common law countries, how do judges interpret contracts?
They interpret it in different ways. They are flexible but contracts in these countries need to be long and very specific.
68
This is an alternative way of dispute resolution methods which is outside of the judicial process.
Arbitration
69
This refers to the body of l aw addressing governmental levying of taxes upon individuals and corporations.
Tax Law
70
These are countries with little or no tax transparency as a way of attempting to illegally avoid taxes.
Tax haven countries
71
This refer to laws designed to promote fair competition among businesses and prohibits collusion and monopoly.
Antitrust laws
72
What is another term for antitrust laws?
Antimonopoly laws
73
This is a situation where there is only a single seller of a product in an industry, and where there are very high barriers to entry.
Monopoly
74
This law establishes the standards of product safety to which the manufacturers and sellers of products are to be held.
Product safety law
75
This means "buyer beware." The burden is placed on the buyers of products to determine their levels of safety.
Caveat emptor
76
This means "seller beware." The burden is placed upon the manufacturers and sellers of products to ensure the products they sell are safe or they must clearly and explicitly warn consumers about the potential safety risks of their products.
Caveat venditor
77
This the law that governs how disputes that arise in global business will be settled.
Dispute settlement law
78
What are the 2 primary ways to resolve disputes?
Public option
Private option
79
The public option of solving a dispute resolves a case through what? It is the bringing the case to a public or government-run court of law.
Litigation
80
This is a private alternative dispute resolution process agreed to by the relevant parties, whereby a neutral private party hears the case and renders a decision
Arbitration
81
This is property that is the creative product of an individual’s intellectual, rather than physical, activity.
Intellectual property
82
This encompass limited monopoly rights legally granted by a nation to the creator of intellectual property.
Intellectual property protections
83
These are the rights granted to the inventor of a product or process that excludes others from selling, making or using the invention for a certain period of time.
Patent
84
How long is a patent enforceable for?
5-20 years
85
In patents, typically, the inventor of the
product is granted a _____ over it for the given period of time.
Monopoly
86
What happens to the product after the expiration of a patent?
It becomes available to the general public
87
These are distinctive phrases, names, words, pictures, symbols, or designs that identify a given business’ service or product, and are owned by the businesses.
Trademarks
88
This is a trademark that has become so well known or colloquial that it describes a general class of product or service, rather than a specific product or service as intended by the trademark’s owner.
Genericized trademark
89
These are exclusive legal rights that authors, playwrights, publishers, artists, composers, performers, photographers, and other creators have to publish and disseminate their work as they see fit.
Copyrights
90
What is the term of copyrights enforceability?
Lifetime + 70 years
91
This is a document that provides international copyright protections.
Berne Convention
92
How many countries signed the Berne Convention?
over 90
93
How to minimize the threats of the legal environment?
> Comprehensive compliance training
> Regular legal audits
> Engage legal advisors
> Document management
> Stay updated
94
What are some microeconomic factors in the economic environment?
> Competitors
> Demand
> Market size
> Suppliers
> Supply
> Supply chain
95
What are the elements of the economic environment under economic conditions?
GDP
Inflation rate
Employment and unemployment rate
Income levels
96
This is a measure of a country's economic performance.
GDP
97
This is the rate at which prices for goods and services rise over time.
Inflation rate
98
These indicates job availability and economic stability.
Employment and unemployment rate
99
This refers to the purchasing power of consumers and their spending habits.
Income levels
100
What are the elements of the economic environment under economic policies?
Trade policy
Monetary policy
Fiscal ppolicy
101
These policies are the actions by the central bank to control money supply and interest rates.
Monetary policy
102
This policy is on government decisions on taxation and spending to influence the economy.
Fiscal policy
103
These policies are on import/export regulations, tariffs, and free trade agreements affecting global commerce.
Trade policies
104
What are the elements of the economic environment under market conditions?
Supply and demand
Competition
Consumer confidence
105
This determines the pricing and availability of goods
Supply and demand
106
This is the number of businesses in an industry and other market strategies.
Competition
107
This is the level of trust consumers have in the economy, affecting their spending behavior.
Consumer confidence
108
What are the elements of the economic environment under global economic factors?
Exchange rates
International trade
Economic alliances
109
This is the value of a country’s currency in relation to others.
Exchange rate
110
This is about global supply chains, export/import levels, and trade relationships.
International trade
111
Examples of these are agreements like NAFTA, the EU, or ASEAN that influences economic interactions.
Economic alliances
112
What are the elements of the economic environment under the technological and social factors?
Innovation and Automation
Education and Skills
Demographic changes
113
This talks about the aging population, urbanization, and consumer trends impact economic growth.
Demographic changes
114
This says that workforce quality affects a country's competitiveness.
Education and skills
115
This impacts productivity, labor markets, and business models.
Innovation and Automation
116
What are the current issues we face?
> Globalization
> Technology, artifical intelligence
> Integration
> Economic downturns
> War/Conflict
117
How can business respond to our current issues?
> Market analysis
> Risk analysis
> Building resilience
> Adapting
118
What are the elements of the economic environment?
economic conditions
Economic policies
Market conditions
Global economic factors
technological nd social factors
119
Give examples of macroeconomic factors
Inflation
Unemployment
Taxes
Interest rates
GDP
Consumer confidence
Disposable income
Consumer confidence
BACC 321
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